Well, I am going to say something very unpopular. It seems my lot. The OP is supposed to have shock value that God would command the death of infants. That might have shock value if we see infants as those cute little bundles of joy and assume that they are without sin, and innocent. Well, part of that is true. They are adorable bundles of joy that we all love, but they are not innocent, or without guilt or sin. This is why God is just to both kill infants himself, or to command the death of infants.
Joshua 724 And Joshua, and all Israel with him, took Achan the son of Zerah, and the silver, and the mantle, and the wedge of gold, and his sons, and his daughters, and his oxen, and his asses, and his sheep, and his tent, and all that he had: and they brought them up unto the valley of Achor.
The text in Psalm quoted in the OP reminds me of Gods commands in Joshua. Achan took the silver, and then not only himself, but his children were slaughtered. We might assume that his children were all adults. One the other hand, other texts such as in 1 Samuel where God commands King Saul to wipe out an entire race of people, and then Saul is judged for not slaying their King, Agag. Were there no infants among that race?
God himself destroyed Sodom and Gomorah. There is no record he spared the infants. Did God destroy infants with the flood of Noah? I do not know how many times the scripture makes it clear that God, in his sovereignty, judges infants. His reason might be found in another Psalm, Psalm 51.
Psalm 515 Behold, I was brought forth in iniquity; And in sin did my mother conceive me.
Lets just think about this.... Had God killed King David in his infancy, and had his head smashed against a rock, would God would have still be just? What if God judged David for his sins at birth? Would God be just? David himself admits to his own guilt in infancy in the very verse above. David was conceived as a guilty sinner. He was born as an iniquitous infant. David would have totally understood Psalm 137:8-9, knowing we are guilty from conception. We come forth in Adam, and are guilty of Adams sin from conception onward. Its called original sin in Christian theology. We are guilty as a race. All human kind is under the guilt of sin, including infants. If God kills anyone from the smallest infant, to the greatest man, it is always justice. If God spares anyone from the smallest infant to the greatest man, it is by his loving mercy that he does so.
To be horrified at God killing an infant, is nothing more than a denial of the sinfulness of the entire human race. I pose a question with you readers. Do infants ever die? Does not one person ever die until he reaches the so called "age of accountability?" How can that be? Read Romans 5:12...
Romans 512 Therefore, as through one man sin entered into the world, and death through sin; and so death passed unto all men, for that all sinned:--
The "one man" mentioned in this passage is Adam. Adam was the federal head of the human race. When God created Adam in the flesh, Adams flesh had no sin in it. At the fall, sin enters human flesh. As Psalm 51 alludes to, this sin is also in the flesh of infants. When Adam was in the garden, God warned him that sin brings death.
Why can God judge infants and be a just and holy God? I have liked what John Piper once said... "I not only do bad things, I am bad... and so are you." Infants cannot do bad things, they are too limited in their understanding and abilities. God does not judge them for what they do, but for what they are. They are in Adam, they are sinners.
Good analysis and thoughts. As much as the Father is full of mercy and grace, he still has a justice system which must be honored. If there was only grace, sin would abound. If there was only justice, who would survive? His law demands both, but only he can judge with equal weights and measures.
Leviticus 24 19 If a man injures his neighbor, just as he has done, so it shall be done to him: 20 fracture for fracture, eye for eye, tooth for tooth; just as he has injured a man, so it shall be inflicted on him.
Deuteronomy 19 21 Thus you shall not show pity: life for life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot
Psalm 137 is asking justice to be served on the principle of an eye for an eye.
8 O daughter of Babylon, you devastated one, How blessed will be the one who repays you, With the recompense with which you have repaid us.
It was prophecied the Sons of Israel's children would be
2 Kings 8:9-13
9 So Hazael went to meet him and took a gift in his hand, even every kind of good thing of Damascus, forty camels’ loads; and he came and stood before him and said, “Your son Ben-hadad king of Aram has sent me to you, saying, ‘Will I recover from this sickness?’” 10 Then Elisha said to him, “Go, say to him, ‘You will surely recover,’ but the Lord has shown me that he will certainly die.” 11 He fixed his gaze steadily
on him until he was ashamed, and the man of God wept. 12 Hazael said, “Why does my lord weep?” Then he answered, “Because I know the evil that you will do to the sons of Israel: their strongholds you will set on fire, and their young men you will kill with the sword,
and their little ones you will dash in pieces, and their women with child you will rip up.” 13 Then Hazael said, “But what is your servant,
who is but a dog, that he should do this great thing?” And Elisha answered, “The Lord has shown me that you will be king over Aram.”
Hosea 10:13-15
New American Standard Bible (NASB)
13 You have plowed wickedness, you have reaped injustice,
You have eaten the fruit of lies.
Because you have trusted in your way, in your numerous warriors,
14 Therefore a tumult will arise among your people,
And all your fortresses will be destroyed,
As Shalman destroyed Beth-arbel on the day of battle,
When mothers were dashed in pieces with their children.15 Thus it will be done to you at Bethel because of your great wickedness.
At dawn the king of Israel will be completely cut off.
Nahum 3:10
New American Standard Bible (NASB)
10 Yet she became an exile,
She went into captivity;
Also her small children were dashed to piecesAt the head of every street;
They cast lots for her honorable men,
And all her great men were bound with fetters.
Psalm 137
New American Standard Bible (NASB)
8 O daughter of Babylon, you devastated one,
How blessed will be the one who repays you
With the recompense with which you have repaid us.9 How blessed
will be the one who seizes and dashes your little onesAgainst the rock.
Isaiah 13:15-22
New American Standard Bible (NASB)
15 Anyone who is found will be thrust through,
And anyone who is captured will fall by the sword.
16
Their little ones also will be dashed to piecesBefore their eyes;
Their houses will be plundered
And their wives ravished.
17 Behold, I am going to stir up the Medes against them,
Who will not value silver or take pleasure in gold.
18 And
their bows will mow down the young men,
They will not even have compassion on the fruit of the womb,
Nor will their eye pity children.
Isaiah prophecied what Babylon did to others, so would they reap what they sowed so to speak.
Jeremiah 51:24
“
But I will repay Babylon and all the inhabitants of Chaldea for all their evil that they have done in Zion before your eyes,” declares the Lord.