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Bible Study Good Friday?

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Gen 1:3-5 and Gen 1:14-16 define Day as a time of light; and Night as a time of darkness; viz: Day is daytime and Night is nighttime; or you could say: Day is when the sun is up, and Night is when the sun is down. Those definitions might seem superfluous; but in realty they are crucial to correctly piecing together the chronology of crucifixion week.

A relatively obscure detail often absent from people's calculations is that a calendar day is 24 hours; but the maximum number of hours in a New Testament civil day is only twelve (John 11:19). The gospel's Jews began the first hour of their civil day at 6:am regardless of the season of year. Of course a Genesis day always begins at sunup and ends at sundown; but it's impractical to regulate civil affairs by the sun.

†. Matt 12:40 . . For as Jonah was in the belly of the great fish for three days and three nights, so I, the Son of Man, will be in the heart of the earth for three days and three nights.

†. John 2:19-22 . . Destroy this temple, and in three days I will raise it up. What?! they exclaimed. It took forty-six years to build this Temple, and you can do it in three days? But by "this temple," Jesus meant his body. After he was raised from the dead, the disciples remembered that he had said this.

Anybody with rudimentary arithmetic skills can easily deduce that burying Jesus on a Friday afternoon leaves no possible way to obtain a third night before Sunday morning.

Does it really matter which of day the week Jesus was buried just so long as people believe the incident actually happened? Yes; it matters a great deal. Jesus predicted he would be dead three days and three nights. If the New Testament doesn't corroborate his prediction, then in all good conscience I have no choice but to write him off as a liar. And if he lied about one of the essential elements of Christianity, then there's reason to suspect he lied about other elements of Christianity too.

What's at stake here is Christ's integrity. Not everyone is able to appreciate the gravity of this matter; but those of us who are counting on Jesus being 110% honest have a lot riding on the reliability of his statements.

Buen Camino
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The Good Friday - Ishtar Sunday myth was not really widespread until the Quarto Decimani Controversy and the decrees of the Council of Nicea in 325 AD. Until that time, the 14th of Nisan, the Passover was kept by the Church.
 
The Hebrews of the New Testament did not label specific hours. What you see as the "third hour" or the "sixth hour" in Scripture is a Roman time-telling device that was adopted throughout the world in order to facilitate commerce. Since the hours of the day varied in length by the season of the year, the Roman hour was about 45 minutes during the winter, and about 75 minutes during the summer. That was the original daylight savings time.

Also, your contention that they began their civil day at 6.00 a.m. is incorrect. They began their civil day at sunrise, no matter what time that was.

http://www.torahcalendar.com/HOUR.asp
 
The Hebrews of the New Testament did not label specific hours. What you see as the "third hour" or the "sixth hour" in Scripture is a Roman time-telling device that was adopted throughout the world in order to facilitate commerce. Since the hours of the day varied in length by the season of the year, the Roman hour was about 45 minutes during the winter, and about 75 minutes during the summer. That was the original daylight savings time.

Also, your contention that they began their civil day at 6.00 a.m. is incorrect. They began their civil day at sunrise, no matter what time that was.

http://www.torahcalendar.com/HOUR.asp

Christ, the Creator of day and night, had a pretty good idea about how long a day was...

Joh 11:9 Jesus answered, Are there not twelve hours in the day? If any man walk in the day, he stumbleth not, because he seeth the light of this world.
Joh 11:10 But if a man walk in the night, he stumbleth, because there is no light in him.
 
The Good Friday - Ishtar Sunday myth was not really widespread until the Quarto Decimani Controversy and the decrees of the Council of Nicea in 325 AD. Until that time, the 14th of Nisan, the Passover was kept by the Church.
It still is. How do you not know that? How do you not know that a Catholic council had no say over Jewish festivals? How do you not know that the Sabbath is on Saturday, which started at sundown Friday? How do you fail to understand any of this?

Christ, the Creator of day and night, had a pretty good idea about how long a day was...

Joh 11:9 Jesus answered, Are there not twelve hours in the day? If any man walk in the day, he stumbleth not, because he seeth the light of this world.
Joh 11:10 But if a man walk in the night, he stumbleth, because there is no light in him.
Please show me where Jesus defined, in that statement, that the hour He spoke of was exactly 60 minutes. You can't. Nor does the previous post claiming the "Jewish civil day" started at "exactly 6.00 a.m." have any biblical support either.
 
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An important factor to calculate into the chronology of Jesus' resurrection is that he was predicted to rise on a day rather than during a night.

†. Mark 9:31 . .The Son of man is delivered into the hands of men, and they shall kill him; and after that he is killed, he shall rise the third day.

†. Luke 18:33 . . And they shall scourge him, and put him to death: and the third day he shall rise again.

†. Luke 24:6-7 . . He is not here; he has risen! Remember how he told you, while he was still with you in Galilee: The Son of Man must be delivered into the hands of sinful men, be crucified and on the third day be raised again.

And that's the way it went down.

†. Luke 24:46 . .Thus it is written, and thus it behooved Christ to suffer, and to rise from the dead the third day

†. Acts 10:39-41 . . And we are witnesses of all the things He did both in the land of the Jews and in Jerusalem. And they also put him to death by hanging him on a cross. God raised him up on the third day

†. 1Cor 15:4 . . He rose again the third day

FYI: Gen 1:3-5, Gen 1:14-16, and John 11:9-10 define Day as when the sun is up, and Night is defined as when the sun is down.

Buen Camino
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I don't believe this is a salvation issue because I am unwilling to regard everyone as unsaved who doesn't see what I see concerning the timing of the passion/resurrection events.
 
I don't believe this is a salvation issue because I am unwilling to regard everyone as unsaved who doesn't see what I see concerning the timing of the passion/resurrection events.
Agree completely, Sinthesis. It isn't about salvation. And we don't have to agree on doctrine to be brothers and sisters in Christ.
 
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The preponderance of New Testament evidence indicates the Lord rose during the third day instead of on a fourth after the third day was over.

Mark 9:31
Luke 18:33
Luke 24:6-7
Luke 24:21
Luke 24:46
Acts 10:39-41
1Cor 15:4

Buen Camino
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The preponderance of New Testament evidence indicates the Lord rose during the third day instead of on a fourth after the third day was over.

Mark 9:31
Luke 18:33
Luke 24:6-7
Luke 24:21
Luke 24:46
Acts 10:39-41
1Cor 15:4

Buen Camino
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The question is 'third day of what'? What is it that makes any day the third? Why don't we have people claiming Jesus rose on Wed., which is the third day of the week? Because, we know He rose on the first day of the week. So the answer demands we identify 'the third of what'. To that end it is helpful to try to think as a first century Jew caught up in the Passover celebration.
 
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The hours between sunset Saturday evening till sunrise Sunday morning constitute the first night of a Jewish week. Therefore Jesus could not have risen during those hours because it is very easy to prove he rose on the first day of the week rather than its first night.

According to Matt 28:1, Luke 24:1, and John 20:1; women went out to the cemetery on the first day of the week.

According to Luke 24:13-24, that day was the third day since Jesus' crucifixion.

According to Mark 9:31, Luke 18:33, Luke 24:6-7, Luke 24:21, Luke 24:46, Acts 10:39-41, and 1Cor 15:4: the third day is the day he rose.

Ergo: Jesus rose from the dead on the first day of the week rather than its first night.

FYI: Gen 1:3-5, Gen 1:14-16, and John 11:9-10 define Day as when the sun is up, and Night is defined as when the sun is down. In other words: Day is light, and Night is darkness.

Buen Camino
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According to this way of thinking Jesus rose on Sunday rather than Sunnight. Except that a day can signify a period of light, as well as a period that includes both dark and light. Thus we have the term Sunday night instead of Sunnight. Both concepts are illustrated below.

Gen 1:5 - And God called the light Day, and the darkness he called Night. And the evening and the morning were the first day.

What is necessary is that Jesus was resurrected on the Jewish first day of the week, which began at what we would consider as Saturday evening and lasted until Sunday evening. So the window of opportunity is from our Saturday evening until the women arrived at the tomb at around sunrise Sunday morning.
 
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†. John 18:28. .Then the Jews led Jesus from Caiaphas to the palace of the Roman governor. By now it was early morning, and to avoid ceremonial uncleanness the Jews did not enter the palace; they wanted to be able to eat the Passover.

†. John 19:14 . . Now it was the day of preparation for the Passover; it was about the sixth hour. And he said to the Jews: Behold, your King!

Passover's preparation is the day that Jews are supposed to remove all leavened bread from their homes; and slaughter and roast lambs ready to eat by sundown. Clearly then, the Jews didn't eat their Passover till after Jesus was dead and buried.

But Jesus had eaten his own Passover the night of his arrest. So then, the Jews' religious calendar was a full day behind the Lord's religious calendar.

Jesus was a prophet always in close personal contact with his Father at all times. So then he, above everybody else in Israel, would've known the precise date that Yhvh's people were supposed to eat the Passover. For some reason, the authorities' religious calendar was running a day late the year that the Lord was crucified; which worked to God's advantage because it was apparently His intention that Christ be a Passover sacrifice (1Cor 5:7). Had the authorities been punctual, they wouldn't have executed the Lord on time because they earnestly endeavored to avoid bloodshed during the Feast.

†. Mrk 14:1-2 . . After two days was the feast of the Passover, and of Unleavened Bread: and the chief priests and the scribes sought how they might take him by craft, and put him to death. But they said: Not on the feast day, lest there be an uproar of the people.

Because their religious calendar was running a day late that year, the authorities inadvertently ended up doing the very thing they wanted to avoid. And to top it off, they executed Jesus on the first of the two sabbaths instituted for Passover week at Ex 12:16. You see; because their religious calendar was running a day late that year; they were tricked into thinking the first of those two sabbaths didn't begin till sundown the day Jesus was crucified; but in reality it had begun at sundown the previous day without them knowing it.

NOTE : Passover sabbaths float; viz: they aren't regulated by a fixed calendar date like President's Day; but rather, they're regulated by the moon-- specifically full moon. Because of that, it sometimes happens that Passover sabbaths run back to back with a regular seventh-day sabbath; thus producing two sabbaths in a row.

That very situation occurred in 1994, 2001 and 2008. Passover fell on Sunday. So the Jews had to observe two sabbaths in a row those years: the regular seventh-day on Saturday, followed immediately by a Passover sabbath on Sunday; which for the Jews is normally the first day of the week. At the end of Passover week; they did it all over again.

Similar circumstances occurred during the week the Lord was crucified. Having consecutive sabbaths in the mix throws people off when they try to construct a chronology of crucifixion week because it's so easy to mistake a Passover sabbath for the regular seventh-day sabbath.

†. John 19:31 . . Now it was the day of Preparation, and the next day was to be a special sabbath. Because the Jews did not want the bodies left on the crosses during the sabbath, they asked Pilate to have the legs broken and the bodies taken down.

There it is: the first of Passover's two sabbaths; called in John's gospel a special sabbath; and if we didn't have his gospel, that special sabbath would slip by totally unnoticed because John's is the only one of the four gospels that mentions it.

According to Matt 28:1, Luke 24:1, and John 20:1; women went out to the cemetery on the first day of the week. In other words; they went out there after the regular seventh-day sabbath was over.

Here's a rough schedule of events:

Wednesday night: Jesus eats his Passover and gets arrested

Thursday: Jesus crucified and buried

Thursday sundown: the first of the Jew's two Passover sabbaths begins

Thursday night: Jews eat their Passover

Friday sundown: the first of the Jews' two Passover sabbaths ends, and simultaneously a regular seventh-day sabbath begins.

Saturday sundown: the regular seventh-day sabbath ends

Sunday morning: Jesus rises from the dead.

In order for the chronology to come out right, it's essential to NOT count crucifixion day as one of the days that Christ was interred. Let the cross have crucifixion day all to itself-- leave that day alone and don't start your countdown till after the sun sets upon Golgotha. Put another way: the Lord's cross owns crucifixion day, while the Lord's resurrection owns the grave, and neither shared a day with the other.

Buen Camino
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The law states that the lambs chosen for Passover dinner must be slain during the afternoon of the 14th in the Biblical month of Nisan.

†. Ex 12:1-6 . .Yhvh said to Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt: This month shall mark for you the beginning of the months; it shall be the first of the months of the year for you. Speak to the whole community of Israel and say that on the tenth of this month each of them shall take a lamb to a family, a lamb to a household. But if the household is too small for a lamb, let him share one with a neighbor who dwells nearby, in proportion to the number of persons: you shall contribute for the lamb according to what each household will eat.

. . .Your lamb shall be without blemish, a yearling male; you may take it from the sheep or from the goats. You shall keep watch over it until the fourteenth day of this month; and all the assembled congregation of the Israelites shall slaughter it at evening.

Lambs slain on the 14th; are actually eaten at night on the 15th because Jewish holy days begin and end at sundown. The trick is: Passover dinner is eaten on the first night of the feast of Unleavened Bread.

†. Ex 12:18-20 . . In the first month, from the fourteenth day of the month at evening, you shall eat unleavened bread until the twenty-first day of the month at evening. No leaven shall be found in your houses for seven days. For whoever eats what is leavened, that person shall be cut off from the community of Israel, whether he is a stranger or a citizen of the country. You shall eat nothing leavened; in all your settlements you shall eat unleavened bread.

†. Lev 23:5-6 . . In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month, at evening, there shall be a passover offering to Yhvh, and on the fifteenth day of that month Yhvh's Feast of Unleavened Bread. You shall eat unleavened bread for seven days.

The first and last days of the feast of Unleavened Bread are both sabbaths.

†. Ex 12:16 . .You shall celebrate a sacred occasion on the first day, and a sacred occasion on the seventh day; no work at all shall be done on them; only what every person is to eat, that alone may be prepared for you.

So then, since the first night of the feast of Unleavened Bread is a sabbath, then so is the night of the Passover because the two events commence on the same night.

BTW: Two more special sabbaths are Yom Kippur and the Feast of Trumpets; but those are unrelated to either Passover or the feast of Unleavened Bread.

Additional information related to Passover is located at the link below.

http://www.jewfaq.org/holidaya.htm

Buen Camino
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Counting days in the Bible is a bit tricky, and can easily throw somebody's tally off if they do it improperly. Let me show you what that means.

†. Acts 10:30 . . Cornelius answered: Four days ago I was in my house praying at this hour, at 3:00 o'clock in the afternoon. Suddenly a man in shining clothes stood before me

If you sum the days in that section regarding Peter's visit to Cornelius' home, you'll find that according to some people's way of thinking, only three days had transpired instead of the four that Cornelius attested. But Cornelius counted the very day that Peter showed up as one of those four days even though it wasn't over when he arrived.

The preponderance of New Testament evidence-- which includes Matt 17:22-23, Mark 9:31, Luke 9:22, Luke 18:33, Luke 24:41, Luke 24:46, John 2:19, Acts 10:39-41, and 1Cor 15:4 --testifies that the number of days that the Lord spent in the tomb wasn't three whole days; but rather two whole days plus a partial day-- that partial day being counted as a third; which informs us that Jonah exited his fishy tomb on the third day too instead of on a fourth after the third day was over. (Jonah 1:17, Matt 12:40)

Buen Camino
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Here's a very simple method for figuring out which day of the week Jesus was buried.

Matt 12:40 and John 2:19-22 predict that Jesus would be deceased three days and three nights. However, according to Matt 17:22-23, Mark 9:31, Luke 9:22, Luke 18:33, Luke 24:41, Luke 24:46, John 2:19, Acts 10:39-41, and 1Cor 15:4; Jesus rose from the dead on the third day rather than on a fourth after the third day was over.

According to Matt 28:1, Luke 24:1, and John 20:1; women went out to the cemetery on the first day of the Jews' week; viz: Sunday.

According to Luke 24:13-24, that day was the third day since Jesus' crucifixion.

Working in reverse: the three days are Sunday, Saturday, and Friday. The three nights are Saturday night, Friday night, and Thursday night; which puts Jesus' burial squarely on a Thursday afternoon.

Buen Camino
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