Native Americans have seen their own history rewritten by DNA. Recent studies of the male-inherited DNA, the Y chromosome, indicate that today’s Native Americans were not the first Americans.
No kidding. But over a hundred years ago, scientists, on linguistic data already knew this.
Today’s indigenous Americans arrived in the Americas in the first several centuries A.D. They seem to have replaced whoever was here prior—peoples like the Maya and the Olmecs.4
The Maya are still around. Rumors of their extinction have been greatly exaggerated.
The Maya peoples (/ˈmaɪə/) are an ethnolinguistic group of indigenous peoples of Mesoamerica. The ancient Maya civilization was formed by members of this group, and today's Maya are generally descended from people who lived within that historical civilization. Today they inhabit southern Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador and Honduras. "Maya" is a modern collective term for the peoples of the region, however, the term was not historically used by the indigenous populations themselves. There was no common sense of identity or political unity among the distinct populations, societies and ethnic groups because they each had their own particular traditions, cultures and historical identity.[3]
It is estimated that six million Maya were living in this area at the start of the 21st century.
In a study conducted by Michael H. Crawford, human leukocyte antigen loci were found to encode for major histocompatibility complexes.[1]Allele frequencies were plotted for similarities using principal component analysis (PCA) for the HLA-A locus exhibited by the Mayan population. Results plot close similarities with the Inupiat people of Native Alaskan heritage, the Waiapi of central Brazil and the Tohono O'odham of northern Mexico.[1] The HLA-B locus was examined in a PCA plot and indicates a proximity to the Zuni of southwest North America and the Aymara of southern South America.[1]
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