Bible Study The Letter To Hebrews

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Heb 10:15-18 . .The Holy Spirit also testifies to us about this. First he says: "This
is the covenant I will make with them after that time, says the Lord. I will put my
laws in their hearts, and I will write them on their minds." Then he adds: "Their sins
and lawless acts I will remember no more." And where these have been forgiven,
there is no longer any sacrifice for sin.

In criminal justice systems, there's an item of record called an indictment; roughly
defined as a formal written statement framed by a prosecuting authority and found
by a jury (such as a grand jury) charging a person with an offense. The indictment
process is a scary feature of the first covenant because it doesn't allow God to
forget. (Ex 34:6-7 & Nahum 1:3)

In other words; Yom Kippur, though a day of cleansing, is also a day for the Jews to
remember that the full satisfaction of justice for their sins remains pending,
hanging above their heads like a guillotine just waiting for the man in charge to
give the executioner a signal to let go the rope keeping the blade in check.

Heb 10:19a . .Therefore, brothers,

This letter is addressed to Hebrews; so "brothers" indicates the author was
addressing his fellow Jews.

Heb 10:19b-20 . . since we have confidence to enter the Most Holy Place by the
blood of Jesus, by a new and living way opened for us through the curtain, that is,
his body,

It's a "living" way because it's perpetual; i.e. having no defined limits, viz: not
subject to obsolescence, cancellation, and/or replacement.

Heb 10:21-22a . . and since we have a great priest over the house of God, let us
draw near to God with a sincere heart in full assurance of faith, having our hearts
sprinkled to cleanse us from a guilty conscience

The Greek word translated "sincere" basically means truthful, i.e. the you that you
really are, plus the way that you really are, both in your thoughts and in your
feelings.

A guilty conscience deserves blame but isn't necessarily experiencing feelings of
blame. The focus is upon a conscience that functions deprived of divine absolutes.
In other words, it's possible to be influenced by a corrupt conscience and not know
it; for example:

"Who can discern his errors? Forgive my hidden faults." (Ps 19:12)

Heb 10:22b . . and having our bodies washed with pure water.

( I have yet to come across a satisfactory explanation for that part of Heb 10:22)

Heb 10:23a . . Let us hold unswervingly to the hope we profess,

The Jews have been promised a theocratic kingdom headed by a man who will
liberate them from foreign domination and from fear of war, plus allow them to own
private property, and ensure them plenty of peace, prosperity, justice, health, and
long life: none of which the people of God have thus far managed to secure
permanently but expect to under Messiah's administration.

Heb 10:23b . . . for He who promised is faithful.

In other words: they mustn't lose confidence that the kingdom is coming because
there remains a rest for the people of God that they would've obtained already had
Moses' people entered the land of milk and honey when God wanted them to.

Heb 10:24 . . And let us consider how we may spur one another on toward love
and good deeds.

Man is a species of life that is quite naturally, and comfortably, inclined to provoke
and annoy each other and bring out the worst in their fellow men. It is Christ's
expectations that his own make an effort to do just the opposite; viz: bring out the
best in each other.

Good deeds speaks of one's actions, i.e. their conduct. For example: courtesy,
scruples, honesty, charity, kindness, tolerance, non violence, tact, deference,
generosity, graciousness, law abiding, an honest day's work for an honest day's
pay, helpful, modesty, sincere promises, decency, loyalty, manners, benevolent,
compliant with superiors, self controlled, speech that's treads lightly on peoples
nerves, patient, and calm, etc.
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Heb 10:25 . . Let us not give up meeting together, as some are in the habit of
doing, but let us encourage one another-- and all the more as you see the Day
approaching.

I'm pretty sure that pertains to synagogues, i.e. houses of worship where pious
Jews meet once a week, usually on Saturdays; which for them is the routine
Sabbath.

Synagogues also serve as yeshivas-- the equivalent of catechism --where Jews
study a variety of sacred literature; most especially the Tanach, wherein are located
the God-given prophecies relative to the approaching theocratic kingdom. It would
be a very good use of their study time for poorly trained Jews to review those
prophecies and also to become associated with other Jews who believe in them.

Heb 10:26-27 . . If we sin willfully after we have received the knowledge of the
truth, there no longer remains a sacrifice for sins, but a certain fearful expectation
of judgment, and fiery indignation which will devour the adversaries.

That's basically a reiteration of Moses' law where it says:

"But the person, be he citizen or stranger, who acts defiantly reviles the Lord; that
person shall be cut off from among his people. Because he has spurned the word of
the Lord and violated His commandment, that person shall be cut off-- he bears his
guilt." (Num 15:30-31)

At the time David committed murder and adultery, he was an inspired man who
knew well in advance that what he was doing with Bathsheba and her husband was
wrong; yet went ahead with his scheme. David should've been permanently cut off
from God for that. But we know he wasn't because his actions were passed over.
(2Sam 12:13) The thing is: were Jesus not on track from the very beginning to give
his life for willful sinners, David would've been lost.

Heb 10:28-29 . . Anyone who rejected the law of Moses died without mercy on
the testimony of two or three witnesses. How much more severely do you think a
man deserves to be punished who has trampled the Son of God under foot, who
has treated as an unholy thing the blood of the covenant that sanctified him, and
who has insulted the Spirit of grace?

In other words: Jesus is the final option for willful sinners.

The Greek word translated "sanctify" simply means to set something aside
specifically for God's use; viz: to consecrate. The life's blood of a beast sanctified
Aaron for priesthood duty (Lev 8:22-24). In contrast, Jesus was consecrated with
his own life's blood which is far and away superior because Christ was made in the
image and likeness of God whereas beasts weren't. (Gen 1:26-27, Heb 1:3)

Heb 10:30a . . For we know him who said, "It is mine to avenge; I will repay"

Of all the peoples on this planet, Jews should know better than anyone that
Abraham's God is not one to trifle with.

Heb 10:30b . . and again, "The Lord will judge his people."

There is a day coming when every Jew, from every corner of the globe, will be
rounded up and taken to one place for a special evaluation. The outcome of that
evaluation will determine which of the living Diaspora will be allowed to share in
Abraham's blessings. (Ezek 20:33-44)

Heb 10:31 . . It is a dreadful thing to fall into the hands of the living God.
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