When Is The Real New Year ?

[Lewis]

So people' when is the real New Year, that would be the Jewish calender New Year' would it not. And not the Gregorian calender. the original calender had 360 days. And 30 day months. So what do you have to say people. And the Gregorian calender was decreed by Pope Gregory XIII.

The Julian calendar was introduced in 46 BC by Julius Caesar and came into force in 45 BC (709 ab urbe condita). It was chosen after consultation with the astronomer Sosigenes of Alexandria and was probably designed to approximate the tropical year, known at least since Hipparchus. It has a regular year of 365 days divided into 12 months, and a leap day is added to February every four years. Hence the Julian year is on average 365.25 days long.

Before the new calendar took effect, the start of the calendar year (1 January) was realigned to the tropical year by making 46 BC 445 days long. The Julian months were formed by adding 10 days to the months of the regular pre-Julian Roman year of 355 days. Two extra days were added to January, July and December, and one extra day was added to April, June, September and November. Macrobius states that the extra days were added immediately before the last day of each month to avoid disturbing the position of the established Roman fasti (days prescribed for certain events) relative to the start of the month. However, since Roman dates after the Ides of the month counted down towards the start of the next month, the extra days had the effect of raising the initial value of the count for the day after the Ides.

The old intercalary month was abolished. The new leap day was originally inserted following February 24, a.d. VI Kal. Mar. by Roman reckoning, since this is the point at which intercalary months were inserted in the pre-Julian calendar. It was considered as extending that day to 48 hours, so it was dated as "a.d. VI bis Kal. Mar.", and is called the bissextile day. When days in the month came to be numbered in consecutive day order, however, the Leap Day was considered to be the last day in February in leap years, i.e. February 29.

Although the Julian calendar remained in use into the 20th century in some countries and is still used by many national Orthodox churches, it has generally been replaced by the modern Gregorian calendar. Reform was required because too many leap days are added with respect to the astronomical seasons on the Julian scheme. On average, the astronomical solstices and the equinoxes advance by about 11 minutes per year against the Julian year, causing the calendar to gain a day about every 134 years. While Hipparchus and presumably Sosigenes were aware of the discrepancy, although not of its correct value, it was evidently felt to be of little importance. However, it accumulated significantly over time, and eventually led to the reform of 1582, which replaced the Julian calendar with the more accurate Gregorian Calendar.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_calendar

The Gregorian calendar is the most widely used calendar in the world. A modification of the Julian calendar, it was first proposed by the Calabrian doctor Aloysius Lilius, and was decreed by Pope Gregory XIII, for whom it was named, on 24 February 1582 via the papal bull Inter gravissimas. Its years are numbered from the traditional birth year of Jesus, which is labeled the "anno Domini" (AD) era[1] and sometimes "common era" (CE).

The Gregorian Calendar was devised both because the mean year in the Julian Calendar was slightly too long, causing the vernal equinox to slowly drift backwards in the calendar year, and because the lunar calendar used to compute the date of Easter had grown conspicuously in error as well.

The Gregorian calendar system dealt with these problems by dropping a certain number of days to bring the calendar back into synchronization with the seasons, and then slightly shortening the average number of days in a calendar year, by omitting three Julian leap-days every 400 years.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregorian_Calendar

 

[Gabbylittleangel]

Isaiah 61:2 To proclaim the acceptable year of the LORD, and the day of vengeance of our God; to comfort all that mourn;

Luke 4:19 To preach the acceptable year of the Lord.

Lewis,

Both of these verses came to mind. When I looked them up, it seemed to inspire a few more questions.

Acceptable as opposed to what?
Why is the 'acceptable' year proclaimed or preached?

 

[Lewis]

Well the Hebrews in the time of Jesus did not go by the Roman calender. They still had 30 day months of 12. So it would be safe to say that Jesus went by this calender.

 

[Lewis]

Man' this stuff makes my head spin. It is complicated.

Months

The Jewish month is based on the lunar or synodic month, the time it takes for the moon to circle the earth. Since the exact duration of one revolution is a little over 29.5 days, the length of the months normally alternates between 29 and 30 days. A month of 30 days is called male ('full'), one of 29 days is chaser ('defective'). There are two months which are male in some years and chaser in others.

The month begins with the appearance of the new moon. In the time of the Temple, the Sanhedrin (the highest court) sanctified the new month when two witnesses had actually sighted the moon. In the middle of the fourth century C.E., a fixed calendar was introduced.

In the Torah, the months are numbered; the first is the one in which the Exodus from Egypt occurred (Yetziat Mitzrayim; cf. Shemot [Exodus] 12:2). Later, names of Babylonian origin were adopted:

1. ניסן  Nisan  (30 days)
2. אייר  Iyyar  (29 days)
3. סיון  Sivan  (30 days)
4. תמוז  Tammuz  (29 days)
5. אב  Av  (30 days)
6. אלול  Elul  (29 days)
7. תשרי  Tishri  (30 days)
8. חשון  Cheshvan  (29 or 30 days)
9. כסלו  Kislev  (30 or 29 days)
10. טבת  Tevet  (29 days)
11. שבט  Sh'vat  (30 days)
12. אדר  Adar  (29 days)

The first day of each month (with the exception of Rosh Hashana, the Jewish New Year) is Rosh Chodesh (lit. 'head of the month', abbreviated r''ch)  and so is the thirtieth day of the preceding month, if there is one. For example, if a gravestone inscription mentions the first day of Rosh Chodesh Elul, the calendar date "30 Av" is meant.
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Years

An ordinary year consists of twelve months. When Cheshvan has 29 days and Kislev 30, it is "regular" (kesidra); if both have 30 days, it is "complete" (sh'lema) or "excessive"; and if both have 29 days it is "defective" (chasera). Thus, an ordinary year can have 353, 354 or 355 days.

A lunar year of 354 days is about 11 days shorter than the solar year, i.e. one revolution of the earth around the sun, which corresponds to the cycle of the seasons. If the Jewish calendar were based exclusively on the lunar year, Pesach (15 Nisan) would fall in the spring in one year, in the winter a few years later, then in the autumn, then in the summer and – after about 33 years – in the spring again. But the Torah says that Pesach must be celebrated in the spring (be-chodesh ha-aviv, Shemot [Exodus] 13:4), and so the average length of the Jewish year must be adjusted to the solar year. This is achieved by adding an entire month about every three years: In each cycle of 19 years, the 3rd, 6th, 8th, 11th, 14th, 17th and 19th years are leap years, the others are common years. For example, 5755 was a leap year because it was the 17th year in the 303rd cycle of 19 years: 5755/19 = 302 + 17/19. (This is something that you can calculate online.)

The extra month in a leap year has 30 days, so that the year lasts for 383, 384 or 385 days. It is added after the month of Sh'vat and is called Adar I, whereas the original Adar (of 29 days) becomes Adar II. Purim, which is on 14 Adar, is celebrated in Adar II in a leap year. Someone who was born in Adar of a common year will celebrate the anniversary in Adar II in leap years, but yahrzeit for someone who died in Adar of a common year is observed in Adar I in leap years.

The new year begins with Rosh Hashana, the first of Tishri (although this is the seventh month), in September or early October according to the Gregorian (civil) calendar. Jewish years are counted from the Creation of the world. To convert the Jewish year to the year of the Common Era (CE), subtract 3760 (or 3761 for the first months; in most years, 1 January falls in Tevet). For example, the major part of the Jewish year 5678 corresponded to 1918; the beginning of 5678 was in 1917. When the year is written with Hebrew letters, the 5000 is usually omitted ("small count", abbreviated lf''q). In that case, one can find the civil equivalent by adding 1240. For instance, the numerical values of the letters tet-shin-nun-vav add up to 756, short for 5756. That is the Jewish year which corresponds to 1996 (756 + 1240 = 1996); to be precise, it lasts from the evening of 24 September 1995 until the evening of 13 September 1996. (The numerical equivalent of a year written in Hebrew letters can be determined online.)
http://www.jewishgen.org/InfoFiles/m_jyear.htm



http://www.jewishgen.org/InfoFiles/m_calint.htm