Indeed. But only if you want to go the software route, which includes possibly hours of waiting and watching your computer run it. Really, if a drive is badly infected the best option is to try to move some important files to a different drive, after they have been scanned, then reformat the drive and reinstall the OS. Security programs are really only good for the ongoing protection and periodic scanning and cleaning of viruses that might get downloaded to your computer.
A note should also be made for backing up your files, and for using utility programs to keep your registry cleaned up. Always backup your important files and pictures on an external drive, or possibly on a "cloud" that you can routinely access. As for utility programs, not only can normal files on your hard drive become fragmented over time, but also your registry (which is a bunch of files that makes up how your OS handles your files and programs) should be defragged. Also, over time there will be shortcuts and junk files that become obsolete or broken that a utility program will clean up as well.
This, unfortunately, is the reality of Windows. But as long as you keep your computer clean you can prevent unnecessary slowdowns in performance.