Keys to the Kingdom of Heaven

[Mungo]

Matthew 16:15-19 The keys to the kingdom of heaven was not yet given to Peter, but given to him on the day of Pentecost in the upper room. The Church was not yet established at that time and all the disciples where not yet indwelled with the Holy Spirit. Jesus told the 12 not to tell anyone He was Jesus the Christ as he had much more to teach them.

The indwelling of the Holy Spirit and the Church was not established until the day of Pentecost when they were all indwelled with the Holy Spirit. Then was Peter given the keys (power and authority) to the kingdom of heaven as he stood up to preach as one having great authority and 3000 were added to the Church that day.

I don't see any scriptural support for those claims.

Moreover before Pentecost, according to John, Jesus breathed on the disciples in the upper room and said: “Receive the Holy Spirit".
Pentecost wasn't about the indwelling of the Holy Spirit. It was about receiving the Holy Spirit for power to preach the gospel. They were being "clothed with power" (Lk 24:49)

 

[Mungo]

In my post #8 I pretty much said all of what you say here as what the keys represented as being power and authority given to Peter that only comes from God, but you shot me down.

What I disagreed with was your claim that the keys were given to all of us
"The keys of the kingdom of heaven is God's power and authority God gives us through the indwelling Holy Spirit."
They were given to Peter alone, and Peter alone was appointed as leader of the apostles.

 

[for_his_glory]

You know that this translation (KJV) of this section is highly contested.
They didn't follow the standard rules of Greek with the neuter verbs which can mean a plural "you" in this section. Where the reading in English seems to be seen that Jesus is talking solely to Peter it actually is all of the 12 at the moment.

Of course Jesus was speaking to all the disciples that day as Matthew 16:13-16 makes that perfectly clear, but only Peter knew Jesus was the Christ, the Son of the living God as God only revealed this to Peter at that time as they were all standing on the rock in Caesarea Philippi.

 

[dianegcook]

Interesting...
First one must establish the difference of the kingdom of heaven and the kingdom of God.
First..
A kingdom requires the actual presence of a sovereign , or King.
The kingdom of heaven, is a dispensational term, and is used sometimes of Messiah's Kingdom on earth, and sometimes of the heavenly sovereignty over the earth..

The Kingdom of God, is the sovereignty of God, which is moral and universal, it existed from the beginning, and will know no end. It is over all, and embraces all.

The Kingdom of Heaven
Has Messiah for its King.
It is from heaven, and under the heavens upon the earth.
It is limited in its scope..
It is political in its sphere.
it is dispensational in its duration.

The Kingdom of God
Has God for its ruler.
It is in heaven, over the earth.
It is unlimited in its scope.
It is universal in its aspect.
Will be eternal in its duration...

 

[daninthelionsden]

Before Jesus was crucified, the keys to the Kingdom were possessed by the High Priest. Our Lord came to take possession of those keys and, upon His crucifixion, hand them to each believer. If our Lord only meant to hand Peter those keys then He would be replacing one Temple High Priest with another High Priest and Jesus never intended for that. The Temple administration of the Kingdom ceased at the crucifixion precisely at the rending of the curtain over the door of the Holy of Holies. From that point, Christ became administrator(High Priest) of the Kingdom. All believers have the Keys to the Kingdom.
No more pyramid type scheme controls access to the Kingdom. The Catholic Church is a perfect example of man trying to recreate the Temple administered access to the Kingdom. The Pope stands in place of the Temple High Priest. Other liturgical denominations attempt this Temple type hierarchy in vain as do some non-liturgical denominations. Any church that layers administrators between God and man are in error. All are either modeled after the cross and pointing the way to Christ or modeled after the Temple and pointing to themselves.
We are all in possession of the keys. We have a great responsibility. We answer directly to Christ.

 

[for_his_glory]

I don't see any scriptural support for those claims.

Moreover before Pentecost, according to John, Jesus breathed on the disciples in the upper room and said: “Receive the Holy Spirit".
Pentecost wasn't about the indwelling of the Holy Spirit. It was about receiving the Holy Spirit for power to preach the gospel. They were being "clothed with power" (Lk 24:49)

If you read Acts chapters 1 and 2 and John 20:19-31 these are all pretty much the same accounts within the upper room when Jesus breathed on all of them and they received the indwelling of the Holy Spirit. Actually there were 120 in the upper room that day that were filled with the Holy Spirit.

 

[for_his_glory]

What I disagreed with was your claim that the keys were given to all of us
"The keys of the kingdom of heaven is God's power and authority God gives us through the indwelling Holy Spirit."
They were given to Peter alone, and Peter alone was appointed as leader of the apostles.

I explained all that in post #19 as it was only Peter who recognized Jesus as being the Christ, the Son of the living God as all the disciples were with Jesus at Caesarea Philippi and none of them other than Peter could answer the question Jesus asked all of them, Matthew 16:13-20. That is why Jesus told Peter "I will give unto thee the keys of the kingdom of heaven". Jesus was saying I will give when the time is right and that time was on the day of Pentecost when Peter after being indwelled with the Holy Spirit like all 120 that day in the upper room received God's power and authority to stand up and preach before the crowds.

It's by God's grace through faith that like Peter and all of us who believe Jesus is the Christ, the Son of the living God that are indwelled with the Holy Spirit are given by God's grace to receive His power and authority to take the gospel message out into the world.

 

[Mungo]

I explained all that in post #19 as it was only Peter who recognized Jesus as being the Christ, the Son of the living God as all the disciples were with Jesus at Caesarea Philippi and none of them other than Peter could answer the question Jesus asked all of them, Matthew 16:13-20. That is why Jesus told Peter "I will give unto thee the keys of the kingdom of heaven". Jesus was saying I will give when the time is right and that time was on the day of Pentecost when Peter after being indwelled with the Holy Spirit like all 120 that day in the upper room received God's power and authority to stand up and preach before the crowds.

It's by God's grace through faith that like Peter and all of us who believe Jesus is the Christ, the Son of the living God that are indwelled with the Holy Spirit are given by God's grace to receive His power and authority to take the gospel message out into the world.

Well, I disagree with your extension to us all but I've given my reasons and I'll leave it there.

 

[JohnDB]

The verb in Greek or Latin for "give" would be the best place to decide who precisely Jesus was talking to.
Unfortunately it is Neuter because of the actual Aramaic Poetry Jesus was truly speaking in. So there is no definitive way to be certain in this passage of whether the "you" was plural or singular as Neuter covers both and there is no "male" version of this verb to distinguish a singular "you".

However...
We see Paul later using great power and authority later...and he wasn't even there that day.

And in addition to what has been said....
Mungo is correct in Peter's Apostolic Leadership role of the 12.

In the account of the "Sending of the 12" the instructions are repeated in the multiple Gospel accounts (They were to take nothing) and all agree except for Mark's account which a staff is to be taken. But the other accounts all specifically mention not taking a staff.

The reason behind this is actually Mark is Peter's Gospel accounts. And to signify himself as the leader Jesus told him to carry a staff with him.

 

[JohnDB]

Of course Jesus was speaking to all the disciples that day as Matthew 16:13-16 makes that perfectly clear, but only Peter knew Jesus was the Christ, the Son of the living God as God only revealed this to Peter at that time as they were all standing on the rock in Caesarea Philippi.

This happened at the 3+ year mark... after this Jesus set out for Jerusalem to be handed over to be beaten and crucified...the famous passage "get behind me Satan" is said to Peter at this point.
So the only time this could be is just before going to Jerusalem for his crucifixion. (He stopped in Samaria along the way) but the Apostles (including Peter) had ALL been there for three years minimum...

 

[ByGraceThruFaith]

Interesting...
First one must establish the difference of the kingdom of heaven and the kingdom of God.
First..
A kingdom requires the actual presence of a sovereign , or King.
The kingdom of heaven, is a dispensational term, and is used sometimes of Messiah's Kingdom on earth, and sometimes of the heavenly sovereignty over the earth..

The Kingdom of God, is the sovereignty of God, which is moral and universal, it existed from the beginning, and will know no end. It is over all, and embraces all.

The Kingdom of Heaven
Has Messiah for its King.
It is from heaven, and under the heavens upon the earth.
It is limited in its scope..
It is political in its sphere.
it is dispensational in its duration.

The Kingdom of God
Has God for its ruler.
It is in heaven, over the earth.
It is unlimited in its scope.
It is universal in its aspect.
Will be eternal in its duration...

A different perspective:

Kingdom of God (SPIRITUAL) vs Kingdom of Heaven (PHYSICAL)

Throughout scripture two kingdoms: physical & spiritual are revealed.

Cain physical, Abel spiritual
Ishmael physical, Isaac spiritual (See Gal 4:22-31)
Esau physical, Jacob spiritual
Israel physical, Body of Christ/Church spiritual
Adam physical, Christ Spiritual (1 Cor 15:45)

1 Corinthians 15:45 And so it is written, The first man Adam was made a living soul; the last Adam (Jesus Christ) was made a quickening spirit

Jesus preached the Gospel of the kingdom, yet spoke about both. I found the reference to "Kingdom of Heaven" 31 times in Matt. I found reference to "Kingdom of God" 45 time's within the 4 gospels.

If Jewish leadership had excepted their Messiah. They could have received both. And one day soon, they will have the opportunity.

The Kingdom of God is SPIRITUAL! Not physical:
Lk 17:21 (B) Jesus said; Behold, "the kingdom of God is within you"
(NOTE: This is a spirit promise that began in Acts 2:4. At Pentecost believers are INDWELT via the outpouring of the Holy Spirit "the kingdom of God is WITHIN YOU")

Mat 6:33 But seek ye first the kingdom of God, and his righteousness; and all these things shall be added unto you
(NOTE: Righteous is abtained thru faith in Christ's sin atoning sacrifice & sealed by the indewlling Holy Spirit)

Mk 1:15 saying, The time is fulfilled & the kingdom of God is at hand: repent ye & believe the gospel (good news I.E. the long promised Messiah/Christ/God's Anointed one has ARRIVED)
(NOTE: RETURN! to God, & place your faith in His Christ)

Mk 4:26 And he said, So is the kingdom of God, as if a man should cast seed into the ground;
(NOTE: The sower is Christ (Lk 8:5), the seed is Gods Word (Lk 8:11) and the soil is our hearts Lk 8:15)

Lk 12:31 But rather seek ye the kingdom of God; and all these things shall be added unto you.

Lk 13:29 And they shall come from the east, and from the west, and from the north, and from the south, and shall sit down in the kingdom of God.

Jn 3:3 Jesus answered and said unto him, Verily, verily, I say unto thee, Except a man be born again, he cannot see the kingdom of God.
(NOTE: Born again = New spiritual birth)

Jn 3:5 Jesus answered, Verily, verily, I say unto thee, Except a man be born of water and of the Spirit, he cannot enter into the kingdom of God.
(NOTE: Born of water/flesh first then of spirit thru Faith. The need to be born of flesh 1st rules out salvation for fallen angels)

Rom 14:17 For the kingdom of God is not meat and drink; but righteousness, and peace, and joy in the Holy Ghost.
(The Holy Spirit is what? SPIRITUAL!)

1Cor 4:20 For the kingdom of God is not in word, but in power.
(NOTE: The Kingdom of God is NOT physical! It is in resurrection POWER)

Lk 17:21 (B) Jesus said; Behold, "the kingdom of God is within you"
(NOTE: The Kingdom of God": is SPIRITUAL: The Church = Christ in you: "The Body of Christ"!

The point in posting the following 4 verses is: In Revelation at the end of the physical Kingdom of Heaven there is a rebellion (Rev 20:8-9) These people never make it into the SPIRITUAL Kingdom of God.

1 Co 6:9 Know ye not that the unrighteous shall not inherit the kingdom of God? Be not deceived: neither fornicators, nor idolaters, nor adulterers, nor effeminate, nor abusers of themselves with mankind,

1 Co 6:10 Nor thieves, nor covetous, nor drunkards, nor revilers, nor extortioners, shall inherit the kingdom of God.

1 Co 15:50 Now this I say, brethren, that flesh and blood cannot inherit the kingdom of God; neither doth corruption inherit incorruption.

Gal 5:21 Envyings, murders, drunkenness, revellings, and such like: of the which I tell you before, as I have also told you in time past, that they which do such things shall not inherit the kingdom of God.

The Kingdom of Heaven is PHYSICAL! It is the fulfillment of Gods pomise to Abraham (Gen 12:2-3, 13:14, 15:17-18)

The physical land covenant God makes with Abraham & Israel.

God gives the exact boundaries of the promised land in Num 34:1-15 (also: Deut 1:8, Ex 2:24, Ex 6:4, 8 & Ps 105:8-11)

The Gospel of the Kingdom message begins with John the Baptist Matt 3:2-6 & Mk 1:4-5

After John's arrest, Jesus himself takes up the kingdom message. Matt 4:12-17

Matt 4:23 Jesus went about all Galilee, teaching in their synagogues, "preaching the gospel of the kingdom"

The promised Kingdom reign of Christ could have begun, had the Jewish leadership accepted God's chosen Messiah. Jewish leadership rejected Messiah & had him killed. Gods promise of a physical King & physical Kingdom will happen at Christs soon return.

Zech 9:14 & 15, 12:10–14, 13:1, Jer 30:18, 32:44, 33:11, 26, Joel 3:1, Amos 9:11–15, Rev 20:6.

 

[for_his_glory]

And in addition to what has been said....
@Mungo is correct in Peter's Apostolic Leadership role of the 12.

I can agree with this.

 

[for_his_glory]

Well, I disagree with your extension to us all but I've given my reasons and I'll leave it there.

And I too have given mine so we will just have to disagree, but yet it should not affect you and I being a brother and sister in Christ as we are always learning.

 

[Walpole]

Of course Jesus was speaking to all the disciples that day as Matthew 16:13-16 makes that perfectly clear, but only Peter knew Jesus was the Christ, the Son of the living God as God only revealed this to Peter at that time as they were all standing on the rock in Caesarea Philippi.

This is not correct. Peter's brother Andrew as well as Nathaniel both acknowledged Christ to be the Son of the living God and the Messias long before Peter did...

"... Andrew, the brother of Simon Peter. He, first of all, found his own brother Simon, and told him, 'We have discovered the Messias, which means, the Christ'". (John 1:40-41)

"Then Nathaniel answered him, 'Thou, Master, art the Son of God.'" (John 1:49)

 

[Walpole]

I explained all that in post #19 as it was only Peter who recognized Jesus as being the Christ, the Son of the living God as all the disciples were with Jesus at Caesarea Philippi and none of them other than Peter could answer the question Jesus asked all of them, Matthew 16:13-20. That is why Jesus told Peter "I will give unto thee the keys of the kingdom of heaven". Jesus was saying I will give when the time is right and that time was on the day of Pentecost when Peter after being indwelled with the Holy Spirit like all 120 that day in the upper room received God's power and authority to stand up and preach before the crowds.

It's by God's grace through faith that like Peter and all of us who believe Jesus is the Christ, the Son of the living God that are indwelled with the Holy Spirit are given by God's grace to receive His power and authority to take the gospel message out into the world.

Again, your premise is fallacious. Peter's brother Andrew as well as Nathaniel both acknowledged Christ to be the Son of the living God and the Messias long before Peter did...

"... Andrew, the brother of Simon Peter. He, first of all, found his own brother Simon, and told him, 'We have discovered the Messias, which means, the Christ'". (John 1:40-41)

"Then Nathaniel answered him, 'Thou, Master, art the Son of God.'" (John 1:49)

 

[for_his_glory]

This happened at the 3+ year mark... after this Jesus set out for Jerusalem to be handed over to be beaten and crucified...the famous passage "get behind me Satan" is said to Peter at this point.
So the only time this could be is just before going to Jerusalem for his crucifixion. (He stopped in Samaria along the way) but the Apostles (including Peter) had ALL been there for three years minimum...

It does state all of that in Matthew 16:21-23. Jesus rebuked what Peter said as Peter had no idea of those things of God that was about to take place in Jerusalem involving Jesus.

 

[for_his_glory]

A different perspective:

Kingdom of God (SPIRITUAL) vs Kingdom of Heaven (PHYSICAL)

Throughout scripture two kingdoms: physical & spiritual are revealed.

Cain physical, Abel spiritual
Ishmael physical, Isaac spiritual (See Gal 4:22-31)
Esau physical, Jacob spiritual
Israel physical, Body of Christ/Church spiritual
Adam physical, Christ Spiritual (1 Cor 15:45)

1 Corinthians 15:45 And so it is written, The first man Adam was made a living soul; the last Adam (Jesus Christ) was made a quickening spirit

Jesus preached the Gospel of the kingdom, yet spoke about both. I found the reference to "Kingdom of Heaven" 31 times in Matt. I found reference to "Kingdom of God" 45 time's within the 4 gospels.

If Jewish leadership had excepted their Messiah. They could have received both. And one day soon, they will have the opportunity.

The Kingdom of God is SPIRITUAL! Not physical:
Lk 17:21 (B) Jesus said; Behold, "the kingdom of God is within you"
(NOTE: This is a spirit promise that began in Acts 2:4. At Pentecost believers are INDWELT via the outpouring of the Holy Spirit "the kingdom of God is WITHIN YOU")

Mat 6:33 But seek ye first the kingdom of God, and his righteousness; and all these things shall be added unto you
(NOTE: Righteous is abtained thru faith in Christ's sin atoning sacrifice & sealed by the indewlling Holy Spirit)

Mk 1:15 saying, The time is fulfilled & the kingdom of God is at hand: repent ye & believe the gospel (good news I.E. the long promised Messiah/Christ/God's Anointed one has ARRIVED)
(NOTE: RETURN! to God, & place your faith in His Christ)

Mk 4:26 And he said, So is the kingdom of God, as if a man should cast seed into the ground;
(NOTE: The sower is Christ (Lk 8:5), the seed is Gods Word (Lk 8:11) and the soil is our hearts Lk 8:15)

Lk 12:31 But rather seek ye the kingdom of God; and all these things shall be added unto you.

Lk 13:29 And they shall come from the east, and from the west, and from the north, and from the south, and shall sit down in the kingdom of God.

Jn 3:3 Jesus answered and said unto him, Verily, verily, I say unto thee, Except a man be born again, he cannot see the kingdom of God.
(NOTE: Born again = New spiritual birth)

Jn 3:5 Jesus answered, Verily, verily, I say unto thee, Except a man be born of water and of the Spirit, he cannot enter into the kingdom of God.
(NOTE: Born of water/flesh first then of spirit thru Faith. The need to be born of flesh 1st rules out salvation for fallen angels)

Rom 14:17 For the kingdom of God is not meat and drink; but righteousness, and peace, and joy in the Holy Ghost.
(The Holy Spirit is what? SPIRITUAL!)

1Cor 4:20 For the kingdom of God is not in word, but in power.
(NOTE: The Kingdom of God is NOT physical! It is in resurrection POWER)

Lk 17:21 (B) Jesus said; Behold, "the kingdom of God is within you"
(NOTE: The Kingdom of God": is SPIRITUAL: The Church = Christ in you: "The Body of Christ"!

The point in posting the following 4 verses is: In Revelation at the end of the physical Kingdom of Heaven there is a rebellion (Rev 20:8-9) These people never make it into the SPIRITUAL Kingdom of God.

1 Co 6:9 Know ye not that the unrighteous shall not inherit the kingdom of God? Be not deceived: neither fornicators, nor idolaters, nor adulterers, nor effeminate, nor abusers of themselves with mankind,

1 Co 6:10 Nor thieves, nor covetous, nor drunkards, nor revilers, nor extortioners, shall inherit the kingdom of God.

1 Co 15:50 Now this I say, brethren, that flesh and blood cannot inherit the kingdom of God; neither doth corruption inherit incorruption.

Gal 5:21 Envyings, murders, drunkenness, revellings, and such like: of the which I tell you before, as I have also told you in time past, that they which do such things shall not inherit the kingdom of God.

The Kingdom of Heaven is PHYSICAL! It is the fulfillment of Gods pomise to Abraham (Gen 12:2-3, 13:14, 15:17-18)

The physical land covenant God makes with Abraham & Israel.

God gives the exact boundaries of the promised land in Num 34:1-15 (also: Deut 1:8, Ex 2:24, Ex 6:4, 8 & Ps 105:8-11)

The Gospel of the Kingdom message begins with John the Baptist Matt 3:2-6 & Mk 1:4-5

After John's arrest, Jesus himself takes up the kingdom message. Matt 4:12-17

Matt 4:23 Jesus went about all Galilee, teaching in their synagogues, "preaching the gospel of the kingdom"

The promised Kingdom reign of Christ could have begun, had the Jewish leadership accepted God's chosen Messiah. Jewish leadership rejected Messiah & had him killed. Gods promise of a physical King & physical Kingdom will happen at Christs soon return.

Zech 9:14 & 15, 12:10–14, 13:1, Jer 30:18, 32:44, 33:11, 26, Joel 3:1, Amos 9:11–15, Rev 20:6.

I believe the kingdom of God and the kingdom of heaven are the same according to these scriptures as one being physical here on earth within us and the other in the Spiritual realm of the third Heaven.

Luke 17:20 And when he was demanded of the Pharisees, when the kingdom of God should come, he answered them and said, The kingdom of God cometh not with observation: 21 Neither shall they say, Lo here! or, lo there! for, behold, the kingdom of God is within you.

Mark and Luke used “kingdom of God” where Matthew used “kingdom of heaven” quite frequently. In the same parable, the authors used different words, indicating that the two are referring to the same thing.

Compare Matthew 11:11-12 with Luke 7:28; Matthew 13:11 with Mark 4:11 and Luke 8:10; Matthew 13:24 with Mark 4:26; Matthew 13:31 with Mark 4:30 and Luke 13:18; Matthew 13:33 with Luke 13:20; Matthew 18:3 with Mark 10:14 and Luke 18:16; and Matthew 22:2 with Luke 13:29.

In each of these instances, Matthew used the phrase “kingdom of heaven” while Mark and/or Luke used “kingdom of God.” Clearly, the two phrases are interchangeable because they refer to the same thing.

There are three heavens:

First heaven - The firmament, Earths Atmosphere -which is the immediate sky, where the “fowls of the heaven” (Genesis 2:19; 7:3,23; Psalms 8:8, etc.), “the eagles of heaven” (Lamentations 4:19), it is our atmosphere that surrounds the earth.

Second Heaven - Outer Space, the starry heavens (Deuteronomy 17:3; Jeremiah 8:2; Matthew 24:29).

The second heaven is the starry heavens, where our atmosphere ends. It is the heavens in which the sun, moon, and stars are fixed in orbit.

Third Heaven - This is where God, Jesus and the holy angels dwell plus the very breath of just men dwell as when we die it is that breath that returns back to God. It is called “The heaven of heavens,” (Deuteronomy 10:14; 1 Kings 8:27; Psalms 115:16; 148:4). (1Kings 8:27) - “The heavens, even the highest heaven, cannot contain you. The third heaven is beyond the space and stars. Where no man has seen by telescope. This heaven is the dwelling-place of God (John 3:13).

 

[for_his_glory]

This is not correct. Peter's brother Andrew as well as Nathaniel both acknowledged Christ to be the Son of the living God and the Messias long before Peter did...

"... Andrew, the brother of Simon Peter. He, first of all, found his own brother Simon, and told him, 'We have discovered the Messias, which means, the Christ'". (John 1:40-41)

"Then Nathaniel answered him, 'Thou, Master, art the Son of God.'" (John 1:49)

Can you show me if this was before or after Jesus and the twelve left Ceaseria Philippi, especially when Nathaniel was not there.

 

[for_his_glory]

Again, your premise is fallacious. Peter's brother Andrew as well as Nathaniel both acknowledged Christ to be the Son of the living God and the Messias long before Peter did...

"... Andrew, the brother of Simon Peter. He, first of all, found his own brother Simon, and told him, 'We have discovered the Messias, which means, the Christ'". (John 1:40-41)

"Then Nathaniel answered him, 'Thou, Master, art the Son of God.'" (John 1:49)

Again show me when they acknowledged this as being before Caesarea Philippi or after.

 

[Walpole]

Can you show me if this was before or after Jesus and the twelve left Ceaseria Philippi, especially when Nathaniel was not there.

Sure thing...

St. John records Andrew and Nathanial's confession of Christ as the Messias and Son of God at the very BEGINNING of Christ's ministry, when Christ first called them...

"...The next day again John was standing with two of his disciples, and he looked at Jesus as he walked by and said, 'Behold, the Lamb of God!' The two disciples heard him say this, and they followed Jesus. Jesus turned and saw them following and said to them, 'What are you seeking? And they said to him, 'Rabbi' (which means Teacher), 'where are you staying? He said to them, Come and you will see. So they came and saw where he was staying, and they stayed with him that day, for it was about the tenth hour. One of the two who heard John speak and followed Jesus was Andrew, Simon Peter's brother. He first found his own brother Simon and said to him, 'We have found the Messiah' (which means Christ). He brought him to Jesus. Jesus looked at him and said, 'You are Simon the son of John. You shall be called Cephas' (which means Peter.)

The next day Jesus decided to go to Galilee. He found Philip and said to him, 'Follow me.' Now Philip was from Bethsaida, the city of Andrew and Peter. Philip found Nathanael and said to him, 'We have found him of whom Moses in the Law and also the prophets wrote, Jesus of Nazareth, the son of Joseph.' Nathanael said to him, 'Can anything good come out of Nazareth?' Philip said to him, 'Come and see.' Jesus saw Nathanael coming toward him and said of him, 'Behold, an Israelite indeed, in whom there is no deceit!' Nathanael said to him, 'How do you know me?' Jesus answered him, 'Before Philip called you, when you were under the fig tree, I saw you.' Nathanael answered him, 'Rabbi, you are the Son of God! You are the King of Israel!' Jesus answered him, 'Because I said to you, ‘I saw you under the fig tree,’ do you believe? You will see greater things than these.' And he said to him, 'Truly, truly, I say to you, you will see heaven opened, and the angels of God ascending and descending on the Son of Man.'” - John 1:35-51


Matthew's account of the calling of Andrew occurs in the 4th chapter of his Gospel. (cf. Matthew 4:18-22) and Nathaniel is listed as an Apostle in the 10th chapter. (Matthew 10:3) The events at Caesarea Philippi occur two years after the calling of Andrew.

---> https://biblehub.com/timeline/new.htm

---> https://biblehub.com/timeline/matthew/1.htm