Nebuchadnezzar was sent by God as judgment against a Judah corrupted by apostasy. The captive Jews were refined in the process, and their influence on Babylon made it a better nation, though still deserving of judgment by God through the hands of the gentile messiah Cyrus.
Jer 27:6 - And now have I given all these lands into the hand ofNebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon, my servant; and the beasts of the field have I given him also to serve him.
Jer 27:7 - And all nations shall serve him, and his son, and his son's son, until the very time of his land come: and then many nations and great kings shall serve themselves of him.
Jer 27:8 - And it shall come to pass,
that the nation and kingdom which will not serve the same Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon, and that will not put their neck under the yoke of the king of Babylon, that nation will I punish, saith the LORD, with the sword, and with the famine, and with the pestilence, until I have consumed them by his hand.
1Ch 6:15 - And Jehozadak went
into captivity, when the LORD carried away Judah and Jerusalem by the hand of Nebuchadnezzar.
Dan 7:4 - The first
was like a lion, and had eagle's wings: I beheld till the wings thereof were plucked, and it was lifted up from the earth, and made stand upon the feet as a man, and a man's heart was given to it.
Isa 44:28 - That saith of Cyrus,
He is my shepherd, and shall perform all my pleasure: even saying to Jerusalem, Thou shalt be built; and to the temple, Thy foundation shall be laid.
Ezr 1:2 - Thus saith Cyrus king of Persia, The LORD God of heaven hath given me all the kingdoms of the earth; and he hath charged me to build him an house at Jerusalem, which
is in Judah.
Of course the Pagan Roman Empire crucified Christ, but it was Jesus' own people to whom Christ was sent who orchestrated His murder. Think about how Joseph's brothers who sold him into slavery were more despicable than the Egyptians who enslaved him, yet all was done as part of a plan.
Jhn 19:11 - Jesus answered, Thou couldest have no power
at all against me, except it were given thee from above: therefore he that delivered me unto thee hath the greater sin.
The Roman Catholic Church is not equivalent to the pagan Roman Empire, just as you being a Christian are no longer the lost sinner you were before Jesus changed you for the better.