"The discovery of pervasive HGT and the overall dynamics of the genetic universe
destroys not only the Tree of Life as we knew it but
also another central tenet of the Modern Synthesis inherited from Darwin,
gradualism. In a world dominated by HGT, gene duplication, gene loss, and such momentous events as endosymbiosis, the idea of evolution being driven primarily by infinitesimal heritable changes in the Darwinian tradition has become untenable.
Equally outdated is the (neo)Darwinian notion of the adaptive nature of evolution: clearly, genomes show very little if any signs of optimal design, and random drift constrained by purifying in all likelihood contributes (much) more to genome evolution than Darwinian selection 16, 17. And, with pan-adaptationism, gone forever is the notion of evolutionary progress that undoubtedly is central to the traditional evolutionary thinking, even if this is not always made explicit.
The summary of the state of affairs on the 150th anniversary of the Origin is somewhat shocking: in the post-genomic era, all major tenets of the Modern Synthesis are, if not outright overturned, replaced by a new and incomparably more complex vision of the key aspects of evolution (Box 1).
So, not to mince words, the Modern Synthesis is gone."
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2784144/?report=classic
Just so we're all on the same page here : THAT IS A PEER REVIEWED ARTICLE FROM THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF HEALTH.