1) Yes the book of job is literal and teaches us spiritual truth and lessons at the same time. However it is not about settling an arguement between God and satan. God does not argue with Satan, God has full and total reign on satan and in this case God used satan to try and prove Job. It was GOD who pointed out Job to satan, which THEN caused satan to ask to do the things to Job that he did and GOD gave the permission.- God uses all things for the good of those who love him and fiery trials are good for us. So YES it literally happened AND it LITERALLY happens NOW also.
:crazy I totally disagree. I'll point out that a huge portion of Job is dialogue from Job's friends whose advice is bad. Job 42:7 "And it was so, that after the Lord had spoken these words unto Job, the Lord said to Eliphaz the Temanite, My wrath is kindled against thee, and against thy two friends: for ye have not spoken of me the thing that is right, as my servant Job hath."
God did not choose to test Job. God's word says Job was already "perfect and upright, and one that feared God, and eschewed evil". Satan was the one wanting to test God's faith in Job. Job 1:11 "But put forth thine hand now, and touch all that he hath, and he will curse thee to thy face."
God is big enough to allow such a challenge that one time, but had no part in affecting Job. He already knew Job's end because he knew those facts about Job.
Job 1:12 "And the Lord said unto Satan, Behold, all that he hath is in thy power; only upon himself put not forth thine hand. So Satan went forth from the presence of the Lord."
Never again will God do such a thing, certainly not to a just man. Jesus promised abundant life, which is not what Job endured. Jesus defeated Satan, removed his authority, stripped him of power. Satan poured out his wrath, but now the wrath of God is set to come over the children of disobedience.
The New Testament doesn't have God testing anyone like He allowed Satan to do. There is no New Testament teaching that God uses Satan as His "whipping boy" against the Church, certainly not bringing curses on His children.
Most totally miss the main lesson of Job, which teaches what Jesus put in a nutshell. John 10:10 "The thief cometh not, but for to steal, and to kill, and to destroy: I am come that they might have life, and that they might have it more abundantly."
Rather than accept that Satan might come doing to me what he did to Job, I believe this applies to the Church today if any will hold to it:
Luke 10:17-20 "And the seventy returned again with joy, saying, Lord, even the devils are subject unto us through thy name. [18] And he said unto them, I beheld Satan as lightning fall from heaven. [19] Behold, I give unto you power to tread on serpents and scorpions, and over all the power of the enemy: and nothing shall by any means hurt you. [20] Notwithstanding in this rejoice not, that the spirits are subject unto you; but rather rejoice, because your names are written in heaven."