Many People mentioned in the Old Testament are confirmed in sources
outside the Bible. These are but a few of a much greater list. Modern
Archeology has disputed many arguments of fable labeled on the Bible.
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The palace at Jericho where Eglon, king of Moab, was assassinated by Ehud
(Judges 3:15-30).
The Temple of Baal/El-Berith in Shechem, where funds were obtained to
finance Abimelech's kingship and where the citizens of Shechem took refuge when Abimelech attacked the city (Judges 9:4, 46-49).
The east gate of Shechem where Gaal and Zebul watched the forces of Abimelech approach the city (Judges 9:34-38).
The pool of Gibeon where the forces of David and Ishbosheth fought during the struggle for the kingship of Israel (2 Samuel 2:12-32).
The Pool of Samaria where King Ahab's chariot was washed after his death (1 Kings 22:29-38).
The royal palace at Samaria where the kings of Israel lived (1 Kings 20:43-
22:39; 2 Kings 1:2; 15:25).
THE MOABITE STONE also called the MESHA STELE: Is a basalt stone, bearing an inscription of King Mesha, the king of Moab, which was discovered at Dibon, Jordan, in 1868. It is 3 1/2 feet high, 2 feet wide, consisting of 34 lines, written in Hebrew-Phoenician characters. It was erected in about 850 B.C. by King Mesha as a record and memorial. This inscription corroborates the history of King Mesha recorded in 2 Kings 3:4-27. When the Moabite Stone was found, it proved as the Bible stated, that David conquered Moab, that Solomon held Moab, and that Moab broke free at the outset of the divided kingdom.
The pool of Siloam inscription was discovered in 1880 at the sight of the pool of Siloam. The inscription and can be found at the Istanbul Archaeological Museum in Turkey. It reads: “The account of breakthrough is as follows. While the tunnelers were working with their picks, each toward the other, and while there was still 5 feet of rock to go through, the rock split to the south and to the north, and the voices of each were heard calling one to another. And at that moment the laborers broke through striking pick against pick. Then the water began to flow from the spring to the pool for a distance of 1,900 feet. And the height of the tunnel above the heads of the laborers was 160 feet.†The pool of Siloam was originally constructed by King Hezekiah who ruled from 716-687 B.C. as recorded in 2 Kings 20:20 & 2 Chronicles 32:30.
The Shebna Lintel or Shebaniah, royal steward of Hezekiah: only the last two letters of a name survive, but the title of his position ("over the house" of the king) and the date indicated by the script style, have inclined many scholars to identify the person it refers to with Shebna, found in 2 Ki 18:18- 19:2 & in Isaiah.
The Pool of Heshbon, likened to the eyes of the Shulammite woman (Song of Songs 7:4).
The royal palace in Babylon where King Belshazzar held the feast and Daniel interpreted the handwriting on the wall (Daniel 5).
The royal palace in Susa where Esther was queen of the Persian king Xerxes (Esther).
The royal gate at Susa where Mordecai, Esther's cousin, sat (Esther).
The Square in front of the royal gate at Susa where Mordecai met with Halthach, Xerxes' eunuch (Esther 4:6).
Biblical figures identified in contemporary sources.
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Ahab, king of Israel: Mentioned extensively in Kings and Chronicles. Identified in the contemporary Kurkh Monolith inscription of Shalmaneser III which describes the Battle of Qarqar and mentions 2,000 chariots, 10,000 soldiers of Ahab defeated by Shalmaneser.
Ahaz (Jehoahaz), king of Judah: Mentioned extensively in Kings, Chronicles and Isaiah as well as in Hosea 1:1 and Micah 1:1. Identified in the Summary Inscription of Tiglath-Pileser III which records that he received tribute from Jehoahaz the Judahite, as mentioned in 2 Kings 16:7-8 and 2 Chronicles 28:21. Also identified in a contemporary clay bulla, reading of Ahaz [son of] Jotham king of Judah. Another bulla reading of Ushna servant of Ahaz is likely a reference to King Ahaz as well.
Apries (Hophra), pharaoh of Egypt: Mentioned in Jeremiah 44:30. Identified in numerous contemporary inscriptions including the columns of The palace of Apries. Mentioned by Herodotus in his Histories II, pg 161-171.
Ashurbanipal (Asenappar/Sardanapalus), king of Assyria: Mentioned in Ezra 4:10. Identified in numerous contemporary inscriptions including one listing Manasseh king of Judah amongst the kings who had brought him gifts and aided his conquest of Egypt. His inscriptions tell of his conquest of Elam and Babylon which accords with Ezra 4:9-10 where people that he exiled from these regions are mentioned. Diodorus Siculus also preserved a fanciful account of him through Ctesias (book II, 21).
Cyaxares (Achiachar/Ahasuerus), ally of Nebuchadnezzar (also found in in Tobit) and father of Darius the Mede (in Daniel)
Jedidiah the name given to Solomon by the prophet Nathan in 2 Samuel 12:25
Sanballat, governor of Samaria the leading figure of the opposition which Nehemiah encountered during the rebuilding of the walls around the temple in Jerusalem.
Azaliah, scribe in the Temple in Jerusalem: Mentioned in 2 Kings 22:3 and 2 Chronicles 34:8. A bulla reading Azaliah son of Meshullam is likely to be his.
Azariah, grandfather of Ezra: Mentioned in 1 Chronicles 6:13,14; 9:11 and Ezra 7:1. A bulla reading Azariah son of Hilkiah is likely to be his.
Baruch, scribe of the prophet Jeremiah: Mentioned in Jeremiah (and in Baruch). A clay bulla found in 1975 reading of Berechiah son of Neriah the scribe is likely his. The name translated Berachiah consists of the Hebrew letters of the name Baruch with the Tetragrammaton appended.
Hilkiah, high priest in the Temple in Jerusalem: Mentioned throughout 2 Kings 22:8-23:24 and 2 Chronicles 34:9-35:8 as well as in 1 Chronicles 6:13; 9:11 and Ezra 7:1. The clay bulla naming a Hilkiah as the father of an Azariah, as well as another bulla reading Hanan son of Hilkiah the priest are likely to be references to him.
Meshullam, father of Azaliah the scribe: Mentioned in 2 Kings 22:3. The contemporary bulla naming Meshullam as the father of an Azaliah is likely to be a reference to him.
Engraved Images found representing Biblical figures:
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Shishak, the Egyptian king who plundered the Temple during the reign of Rehoboam (1 Kings 14:25-26). Recorded on the walls of the Temple of Amun in Thebes, Egypt.
Jehu, king of Israel, who took power in a bloody coup; having the only surviving likeness of a king of Israel or Judah (2nd Kings 9:1-10:36).
Hazael, king of Aram, enemy of Israel (1st & 2nd Kings & Amos 1:4).
Tiglath-Pileser III, king of Assyria, who invaded Israel (2nd Kings, 1st & 2nd Chronicles).
Sargon II, king of Assyria, who defeated Ashdod and completed the siege of Samaria and took Israelites into captivity (Isaiah 20:1), recorded on his palace walls.
Siege of Lachish by Sennacherib (2 Kings 18:14, 17), as recorded on the Lachish reliefs.
Sennacherib, king of Assyria, who attacked Judah but was unable to capture Jerusalem (2 Kings 18:13-19:37), as recorded on the Taylor Prism.
Tirhakah, king of Egypt, who opposed Sennacherib (2 Kings 19:9).
Assassination of Sennacherib by his own sons (2 Kings 19:37), as recorded in the annals of his son Esarhaddon.
Esarhaddon, king of Assyria, who succeeded his father Sennacherib (2 Kings 19:37).
Fall of Nineveh as predicted by the prophets Nahum and Zephaniah (2:13-15), recorded on the Tablet of Nabopolasar.
Merodach-baladan, king of Babylon, whose messengers Hezekiah showed the royal treasury, much to the indignation of Isaiah (2 Kings 20:12-19).
Fall of Jerusalem to Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon (2 Kings 24:10-14), as recorded in the Babylonian Chronicles.
Captivity of Jehoiachin, king of Judah, in Babylon (2 Kings 24:15-16), as recorded on the Babylonian Ration Records.
Fall of Babylon to the Medes and Persians (Daniel 5:30-31), as recorded on the Cyrus Cylinder.
Freeing of captives in Babylon by Cyrus the Great (Ezra 1:1-4; 6:3-4), as recorded on the Cyrus Cylinder.
Xerxes I, king of Persia, who made Esther his queen (Esther; Ezra 4:6).
Darius I, king of Persia, who allowed the returning exiles to rebuild the Temple in Jerusalem (Ezra 4:24-6:15; Haggai 1:1&15).
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