Actually, most of those quotes are rather misleading:
Matt. 4:7; Luke 4:12 - Jesus tells satan, "you shall not tempt the Lord your God" in reference to Himself.
When Jesus says to Satan "Do not put the Lord, your God, to the test" he is not speaking of himself. Satan suggests that Jesus leap off the Temple to see if God sends him angels to protect him, and Jesus responds "Do not put God to the test". Nothing here suggests he is refering to himself.
Matt. 5:21-22; 27-28; 31-32; 33-34; 38-39; 43-44 - Jesus makes Himself equal to God when He declares, "You heard it said...but I say to you.."
Again, this proves nothing except that God has given Jesus tremendous authority, the authority to establish God's new laws, as Jesus himself often suggests. Matthew in particular tries to paint Jesus as the new Moses who gives the "New Law", as he has Jesus give this sermon on a "mount", akin to Sinai, as well as other parallels.
Matt. 7:21-22; Luke 6:46 - not everyone who says to Jesus, "Lord, Lord." Jesus calls Himself Lord, which is God.
Again, this proves nothing. The title Lord is one of enermous respect, but does not link Jesus to any divine claims. A King would also have been called "Lord". The word Lord is only a substitute for refering to God, used out of respect, because his name was too sacred to say.
Matt. 9:2; Mark 2:5; Luke 5:20; 7:48 - Jesus forgives sins. Only God can forgive sins.
If you read this entire passage, it concludes with: But so that you may know that the Son of Man has authority on earth to forgive sins...."
Then he said to the paralytic, "Get up, take your mat and go home." 7And the man got up and went home. 8When the crowd saw this, they were filled with awe; and they praised God, who had given such authority to men.
The key words being
"they praised God who had give such authority to men" Here Jesus is proclaimed to be only that, a man, who has such authority from God.
Matt. 12:8; Mark 2:28; Luke 6:5 - Jesus says that He is "Lord of the Sabbath." He is the Lord of God's law which means He is God.
Again, this is not a claim to divinity. Jesus has been given a new authority from God, unlike one that has never before been seen, akin to the Son of Man in Daniel's vision. Jesus is here to herald the coming of God's Kingdom, and God has placed him above many laws.
Matt. 18:20 - Jesus says where two or three are gathered in His name, there He is in the midst of them.
Matt. 28:20 - Jesus said He is with us always, even unto the end of the world. Only God is omnipresent.
You will not find any biblical evidence to demonstrate that only God is omnipresent, or that only God can be with you "till the end of the age". Again, Jesus is presented as the Christ, which is to say that he is unlike any other prophet or messenger of God before him. This is not a claim to divinity. Again, refer to the Son of Man prophecy in Daniel.
Luke 17:18 - Jesus asks why the other nine lepers did not come back to give praise to Him, God, except the Samaritan leper.
15One of them, when he saw he was healed, came back, praising God in a loud voice. 16He threw himself at Jesus' feet and thanked himâ€â€and he was a Samaritan.17Jesus asked, "Were not all ten cleansed? Where are the other nine? 18Was no one found to return and give praise to God except this foreigner?" 19Then he said to him, "Rise and go; your faith has made you well."
The leper came back to praise God, not Jesus, Jesus is the vessel through which this healing occured. It says he threw himself at Jesus' feet and thanked him, that not the same as praising him as God.
Firstly, I will admit that the gospel of John is much more ambigious and there is the possibility of claims to divinity. However, we must also note that this gospel was written last, between 90-120 CE and that it much of it does not reflect the actual sayings of Jesus. It has a variety of radical sayings, prized today by Christianity, that are not present in the other gospels. It seems odd the other gospels didn't feel this material to be worth presenting when today John is the cornerstone of Christian theology.
John 5:18 - Jesus claimed to be God. The Jews knew this because Jesus called God His Father and made Himself equal to God. This is why Jesus was crucified.
Again, he calls God his father. This isn't the same as saying he is God himself. For example, in Matthew or Mark the Roman soldier cries out "Surely this was the Son of God", in the margins it is noted "or a son of God"
Likewise, the first chapter of Revelations calls Jesus the Firstborn son of God, implying that his followers are the sons and daughters born after. This claim does not neccessarily link Jesus to divinity.
