The work that is being described is the people that are being built into the Temple of God, by Paul and Apollo's and the ministers that God has raised up as His laborers.
imo and the opinion of 4 commentaries that I looked to for guidance.
I can agree that at the beginning Paul is speaking of the leaders (all leaders, GK deacons, deaconess) in the church building a firm foundation on Christ and Christ alone and not thinking that the leader they are under is who they serve, but is Christ.
But then he moves on in verse 11, speaking of 'every man' and 'any man' building on this teaching of the foundation being only Christ and His gospel.
Here he is speaking to the body as a whole.
11 For other foundation can no man lay than that is laid, which is Jesus Christ.
12 Now
if any man build upon this foundation gold, silver, precious stones, wood, hay, stubble;
13 Every man's work shall be made manifest: for the day shall declare it, because it shall be revealed by fire; and the fire shall try every man's work of what sort it is.
14If any man's work abide which he hath built thereupon, he shall receive a reward.
15If any man's work shall be burned, he shall suffer loss: but he himself shall be saved; yet so as by fire.
16 Know
ye not that ye are the temple of God, and that the Spirit of God dwelleth in you?
17If any man defile the temple of God, him shall God destroy; for the temple of God is holy, which temple ye are.
18Let no man deceive himself. If any man among you seemeth to be wise in this world, let him become a fool, that he may be wise.
19 For the wisdom of this world is foolishness with God. For it is written, He taketh the wise in their own craftiness.
20 And again, The Lord knoweth the thoughts of the wise, that they are vain.
21 Therefore let no man glory in men. For all things are your's;
22 Whether Paul, or Apollos, or Cephas, or the world, or life, or death, or things present, or things to come; all are your's;
23 And ye are Christ's; and Christ is God's.
All of our work as Christians will be judged.