jasoncran said:
doensnt mean the the mutation will surive or is a beneficial one. That maynot mean a different species from the change,of eye color.
Never said it did. In fact, due to the large amounts of what is commonly called "junk DNA", most mutations do nothing at all on a phenotypical level. And of those that do, most are bad. But some will turn out to be an improvement on the current system, in some way, however small. And that is where Natural Selection comes in, weeding out the bad changes, and letting the good changes survive onto the next generation. Now, what a "good" change is depends a lot on the environment the species finds itself in.
The phrase "survival of the fittest" is somewhat misleading since it gives the impression that everything is trying to become faster and stronger. But faster and stronger costs a lot of resources, so if resources are scarce, perhaps the ones who are a bit slower and weaker, but able to utilize the resources better are the ones selected for.
But as I said, mutations is only one of the causes that affect allele frequencies.
jasoncran said:
i heard a while ago there is something the nuclei of cells that turns on and off parts of the dna. any info.
This is, in essence, true. DNA can, in many ways be seen as a sort of code. And in that code you get "Starts" and "Stops", basically telling the processes within the nucleus where to start and stop making certain proteins. But, you can also get code that says "Ignore this piece of code" or "Read this piece of code", meaning that the production of certain proteins can, in a sense, be turned on and off.
This is a gross simplification, but as a real-world example, we now know that chickens still possess the necessary genes to produce teeth, and through genetic manipulation we can switch on those genes and voila', we now have chickens with teeth.
jasoncran said:
a piece of electronics has an indivual signature yet it doesnt change the function of it all.
I am unclear as to what you mean by this. Please elaborate.