freewill
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Matthew 25: 41-46 is another piece of Scripture which traditional Reformed believers and others can often be seen using in order to defend their belief that the least offensive of condemned souls will be made to suffer something like this: "Do but consider what it is to suffer extreme torment forever and ever: to suffer it day and night from one year to another, from one age to another, and from one thousand ages to another (and so adding age to age, and thousands to thousands), in pain, in wailing and lamenting, groaning and shrieking, and gnashing your teeth — with your souls full of dreadful grief and amazement, and with your bodies and every member full of racking torture; without any possibility of getting ease; without any possibility of moving God to pity by your cries; without any possibility of hiding yourselves from him; without any possibility of diverting your thoughts from your pain "from "The Eternity of Hell's Torments" April 1739 by Jonathan Edwards.
Charles H Spurgeon who's work is also still highly respected by a great many evangelical Christians across the world, also preached: "When thou diest thy soul will be tormented alone—that will be a hell for it—but at the day of judgment thy body will join thy soul, and then thou wilt have twin hells, body and soul shall be together, each brimfull of pain, thy soul sweating in its inmost pore drops of blood, and thy body from head to foot suffused with agony; conscience, judgment, memory, all tortured, but more—thy head tormented with racking pains, thine eyes starting from their sockets with sights of blood and woe; thine ears tormented with
"Sullen moans and hollow groans. And shrieks of tortured ghosts."
"From his sermon "The Resurrection of the Dead" February 17, 1856
Yes, this is what many followers and admirers of Jonathan Edwards and Charles Spurgeon still believe today would be “righteous justice” for the least offensive of condemned souls, even for those judged incapable of becoming trusted servants of God and creation who from their birth were deceived and indoctrinated, seduced, threatened or beaten into continually ignoring and offending the good they never rightly understood or experienced.
But let us take a closer look at what the verses of Matthew 25: 41 and 46 do actually say...
“Then shall he say also unto them on the left hand, Depart from me, you cursed, into everlasting fire, prepared for the devil and his angels” “46And these shall go away into everlasting punishment: but the righteous into life eternal”.
I agree the word “punishment” in this context should be understood to be a punishment lasting forever, but I also see the words “everlasting punishment” can be seen to mean an everlasting punishment of everlasting “death” i.e. a cessation of life, just as easily as they can be seen to mean an everlasting punishment of everlasting torment. I have though seen others who will not accept the original Greek word for punishment (kolasis) in Matthew 25:46 is being used to describe merely punishment, they argue instead that it’s meaning should be more correctly translated as “torment”. However, the meaning of this word “kolasis” has been expounded well by Dr. Spiros Zodhiates who is recognised by many evangelical Christians as an authority in the Koine Greek language. His mother tongue was Greek and it is worth seeing a brief history of his life and work presented here http://en.wikipedia.org wiki/Spiros_Zodhiates in order to see why I believe his understanding of this word “kolasis” should not be ignored.
Zodhiates informs us that this word “kolasis”, from “kolazo”, does in fact mean, to punish; punishment, when viewed in the context of Matthew 25:46. Whilst at the same time in 1 John 4:18 he tells us that the word “kolasis” used there, can be seen to mean “torment” conveying the notion of “punishment for the correction and bettering of the offender”. He then goes on to explain that Matthew 25:46 however does not refer to temporary corrective punishment and discipline, but has more the meaning of “timoria”, found in Hebrews 10:29 (a noun meaning punishment, satisfying the inflicter’s sense of outraged justice, as defending his own honor or that of a violated law). So according to Zodhiates, with this word “kolasis” when it is found in these two contexts there can be seen different meanings being applied to it even though they are related. Also, the KJV, NKJV, ASV, NASB, ESV and NIV are regarded by many as probably the best translations we have from the Koine Greek and in Matthew 25:46 these versions all use the same word to explain the original meaning in this verse and that word chosen is “punishment” not “torment”.
I still cannot see then a good reason why the meaning of “kolasis” in Matthew 25:46 should not be seen as meaning “punishment”, or as another commentator puts it, “punishment that “fits” (matches) the one punished”. Neither then can I see a good reason why the original words, “aionios kolasis” in this verse, should not also be seen as anything other than a description of everlasting punishment – Anything ranging from everlasting death as in the literal meaning of the word to everlasting torment, depending on the gravity of the offence caused by each condemned soul and on how little or how great their understanding of God and His goodness was.
Despite what many learned Christians might say about the meaning of punishment in those verses then, the fact remains that death (as meaning a cessation of life) is also a punishment, and everlasting death therefore would be an everlasting punishment. According to Scripture souls can die, do die, and can be made alive again. A soul can also be completely destroyed by God if or when God so wills Matthew 10:28. God alone is immortal, not man or his soul or his worldly spirit, but God alone is immortal 1 Timothy 6:15-16, and He alone decides who else shall become immortal.
Charles H Spurgeon who's work is also still highly respected by a great many evangelical Christians across the world, also preached: "When thou diest thy soul will be tormented alone—that will be a hell for it—but at the day of judgment thy body will join thy soul, and then thou wilt have twin hells, body and soul shall be together, each brimfull of pain, thy soul sweating in its inmost pore drops of blood, and thy body from head to foot suffused with agony; conscience, judgment, memory, all tortured, but more—thy head tormented with racking pains, thine eyes starting from their sockets with sights of blood and woe; thine ears tormented with
"Sullen moans and hollow groans. And shrieks of tortured ghosts."
"From his sermon "The Resurrection of the Dead" February 17, 1856
Yes, this is what many followers and admirers of Jonathan Edwards and Charles Spurgeon still believe today would be “righteous justice” for the least offensive of condemned souls, even for those judged incapable of becoming trusted servants of God and creation who from their birth were deceived and indoctrinated, seduced, threatened or beaten into continually ignoring and offending the good they never rightly understood or experienced.
But let us take a closer look at what the verses of Matthew 25: 41 and 46 do actually say...
“Then shall he say also unto them on the left hand, Depart from me, you cursed, into everlasting fire, prepared for the devil and his angels” “46And these shall go away into everlasting punishment: but the righteous into life eternal”.
I agree the word “punishment” in this context should be understood to be a punishment lasting forever, but I also see the words “everlasting punishment” can be seen to mean an everlasting punishment of everlasting “death” i.e. a cessation of life, just as easily as they can be seen to mean an everlasting punishment of everlasting torment. I have though seen others who will not accept the original Greek word for punishment (kolasis) in Matthew 25:46 is being used to describe merely punishment, they argue instead that it’s meaning should be more correctly translated as “torment”. However, the meaning of this word “kolasis” has been expounded well by Dr. Spiros Zodhiates who is recognised by many evangelical Christians as an authority in the Koine Greek language. His mother tongue was Greek and it is worth seeing a brief history of his life and work presented here http://en.wikipedia.org wiki/Spiros_Zodhiates in order to see why I believe his understanding of this word “kolasis” should not be ignored.
Zodhiates informs us that this word “kolasis”, from “kolazo”, does in fact mean, to punish; punishment, when viewed in the context of Matthew 25:46. Whilst at the same time in 1 John 4:18 he tells us that the word “kolasis” used there, can be seen to mean “torment” conveying the notion of “punishment for the correction and bettering of the offender”. He then goes on to explain that Matthew 25:46 however does not refer to temporary corrective punishment and discipline, but has more the meaning of “timoria”, found in Hebrews 10:29 (a noun meaning punishment, satisfying the inflicter’s sense of outraged justice, as defending his own honor or that of a violated law). So according to Zodhiates, with this word “kolasis” when it is found in these two contexts there can be seen different meanings being applied to it even though they are related. Also, the KJV, NKJV, ASV, NASB, ESV and NIV are regarded by many as probably the best translations we have from the Koine Greek and in Matthew 25:46 these versions all use the same word to explain the original meaning in this verse and that word chosen is “punishment” not “torment”.
I still cannot see then a good reason why the meaning of “kolasis” in Matthew 25:46 should not be seen as meaning “punishment”, or as another commentator puts it, “punishment that “fits” (matches) the one punished”. Neither then can I see a good reason why the original words, “aionios kolasis” in this verse, should not also be seen as anything other than a description of everlasting punishment – Anything ranging from everlasting death as in the literal meaning of the word to everlasting torment, depending on the gravity of the offence caused by each condemned soul and on how little or how great their understanding of God and His goodness was.
Despite what many learned Christians might say about the meaning of punishment in those verses then, the fact remains that death (as meaning a cessation of life) is also a punishment, and everlasting death therefore would be an everlasting punishment. According to Scripture souls can die, do die, and can be made alive again. A soul can also be completely destroyed by God if or when God so wills Matthew 10:28. God alone is immortal, not man or his soul or his worldly spirit, but God alone is immortal 1 Timothy 6:15-16, and He alone decides who else shall become immortal.