I agree to the premise of a limited (very limited) government, but we cannot forget why these leaders are in the positions they are in. When their decisions aren't being Guided by the Lord, they will be pursuing their personal agenda. They will be determining right and wrong based on their own world view, not Him. We are subject to their GIVEN authority over us, but we all are subject to His Authority first. I don't see the concern of non-Christian leadership emerging as being a valid reason not to support legislation based on His Authority.
********
But you go from after Christ left Earth giving only His authority of our duty [ONLY] to mankind seen here in Rom. 13, to Caesar. Christ gave up His OT Theorocracy to Caesar. Yet, we still see the Virgin Church with full authority in Matt. 18:17-18. And both are given on CONDITION! See Rev. 2:5 + Caesar's due in Matt. Luke 20:25, Matt. 22:17-21 & NO mistake! See the third quote of Mark 12:14-17!
********
Romans 13
"<SUP id=en-NIV1984-28253 class=versenum>1</SUP> Everyone must submit himself to the governing authorities, for there is no authority except that which God has established. The authorities that exist have been established by God. <SUP id=en-NIV1984-28254 class=versenum>2</SUP> Consequently, he who rebels against the authority is rebelling against what God has instituted, and those who do so will bring judgment on themselves. <SUP id=en-NIV1984-28255 class=versenum>3</SUP> For rulers hold no terror for those who do right, but for those who do wrong. Do you want to be free from fear of the one in authority? Then do what is right and he will commend you. <SUP id=en-NIV1984-28256 class=versenum>4</SUP> For he is God’s servant to do you good."
****
Now you are in the OT where Christ was His own Theorcracy, [GOVERNMENT!] He was with them to direct, LEAD + all else. He was in the Church IN THE WILDERNESS Stephen documented in the N.T. of Acts 7:38 + Paul in 1 Cor. 10:1-4! (cautioned not to be ignorant) There was NO Caesar to be incorporated in the Second table of God's Covenant while Christ was on earth. And NEVER IN THE WORSHIP SIDE OF THE FIRST FOUR!
****
Exodus 9
"<SUP id=en-NIV1984-1756 class=versenum>13</SUP> Then the LORD said to Moses, “Get up early in the morning, confront Pharaoh and say to him, ‘This is what the LORD, the God of the Hebrews, says: Let my people go, so that they may worship me, <SUP id=en-NIV1984-1757 class=versenum>14</SUP> or this time I will send the full force of my plagues against you and against your officials and your people, so you may know that there is no one like me in all the earth. <SUP id=en-NIV1984-1758 class=versenum>15</SUP> For by now I could have stretched out my hand and struck you and your people with a plague that would have wiped you off the earth. <SUP id=en-NIV1984-1759 class=versenum>16</SUP> But I have raised you up for this very purpose, that I might show you my power and that my name might be proclaimed in all the earth."