Was not Abraham our father
justified by works when he offered Isaac his son on the altar?
22 Do you see that faith was working together with his works, and by works faith was made perfect?
23 And the Scripture was fulfilled which says, “Abraham believed God, and it was accounted to him for righteousness.”
[g] And he was called the friend of God.
24 You see then that a man is
justified by works, and not by faith only.
Was Abraham's faith a "saving faith" before he offered Isaac?
Yes. But we didn't know that he had faith in God's promise of a son given to him earlier in chapter 15 until his actions proved, or showed that faith. When he offered him up that is when God said:
"Now I know that you fear God, because you have not withheld from me your son, your only son." (Genesis : NIV1984)
You see? Abraham's faith, the faith that he already had, became
known and validated as genuine when he put Isaac on the altar, fully believing God would just raise him up from the dead to keep the surety of his promise (as Paul says).
Abraham was justified (
made, or declared righteous) when he believed God's promise for a son coming from his own body. And then Abraham was justified (
shown to righteous) by what he did. Both are necessary for salvation. A declaration of righteousness is only genuine if it can show itself genuine by what it does. A declaration of righteousness that can not be validated by actions commensurate with a declaration of righteousness is not a declaration of righteousness that can save. The point being, it wasn't a real declaration of righteousness.
The 'faith' that produces a (perceived) declaration of righteousness that can not show itself in what it does (specifically, 'love your neighbor as yourself') is a 'faith' that cannot save. Period. That's why it is necessary to also be justified (show your righteousness) by what you do--not to secure salvation, but to validate the faith you have (that saves all by itself, apart from works) as genuine and able to secure an official declaration of righteousness that saves.
"By faith Abraham obeyed when he was called to go out to a place which he was to receive as an inheritance; and he went out, not knowing where he was to go." (Heb 11:8)
I'm sure you'll agree that Hebrews 11 is talking about "saving faith", so when Abraham left Haran, he had "saving faith".
I don't know. The passage is talking about faith that pleases God. I had faith that did pleasing things for and because of God, before I actually placed my trust in Christ's blood. But I wasn't declared righteous until I had a very specific faith in God's promise of His Son, Jesus. A Son that would come from my own Body via the Holy Spirit. And that is the point. I think it is missing the point to go down the road you're going here. Christianity is about faith in the Promised Son of God who would inherit our blessing on our behalf. I don't see value in dissecting every detail of Abraham's life to form doctrine. We know what is important in the account.
The only problem is that this happened in Gen. 12. If justification is a one time event and by "faith alone", how is it that he was justified in Gen. 12 and then again in Gen. 20 when he offered Isaac? Certainly he had "saving faith" in Gen. 12, so why is this faith BY ITSELF not enough to justify him?
Because the faith that justifies (all by itself, apart from works) for it to be validated as being able to justify (all by itself, apart from works) must be seen in what we do. If it can not, then we have a 'faith' that can not justify.
What about Romans 4:2-3?
"For if Abraham was justified by works, he has something to boast about, but not before God. For what does the scripture say? 'Abraham believed God, and it was reckoned to him as righteousness'" (Romans 4:2-3)
This happened in Gen 15:6, and that makes three. Again, why does Paul say he is justified in Gen 15 when he was already justified in Gen 12? James says he is justified in Gen. 20 AFTER he already had "saving faith" according to Paul.
I don't know if Abraham was officially justified when he left Haran. It doesn't say. And Hebrews is talking about things that faith did that pleased God--but then again I did things from faith that pleased God before I was actually justified by my faith in the promise of God's Son.
Paul is talking about being declared (made) righteous. James is talking about being justified in regard to being shown to be righteous. True saving faith means being justified both in what we believe and in being justified as really having that faith by what we do. Both are necessary. The person who can't justify himself as one who has faith in Christ's blood (by obeying 'love your neighbor as yourself') is the one who has a faith that can not justify him, making him righteous and prepared for the judgment to come.
As you can see, Abraham's faith alone is not what justifies him...
In regard to being
made righteous...yes, it was. But it is true that being made righteous, apart from works, must also be seen in what we do for that faith to be validated as real and able to save all by itself.
...yet his faith was "saving faith" according to Paul. James has nothing to do with "said faith" or "shown faith" unless you believe that is the "kind of" faith Abraham had.
As I pointed out, the account James sites there in Genesis 22 says that Abraham's faith was revealed by his actions. Abraham was indeed justified by what he did with Isaac. He was not justified (
made righteous) by what he did. He was justified (
shown) to be righteous by what he did. Justified means both, to be made righteous,
and to be shown to be righteous. Remember the teacher of the law who was trying to justify himself with the trick question for Jesus? Certainly he was not trying to
make himself righteous by that. He was trying to
show himself righteous by doing that. Biblically, justify means to, both, be made righteous, and to be shown to be righteous.
If Abraham was justified by his "faith alone", then how could he be "re-justified" when he offered Isaac?
Because, Biblically, 'justify' means two things. And we are required to be justified in both of those ways.
And where does Paul make any connection to "works" and anything but "works of the law"? In every case this is the obvious meaning. You are trying to stretch the meaning of "works" to include all deeds.
...all literal deeds done...and most importantly with the intention of triggering salvation by the performance of those literal deeds.
I'm staring down a four day weekend here, so I'll be in and out as I can.
God bless.