P.S. I'm going to have to update it, because LeviR is the first "Adoptionist" theologian that I have ever met that understands the new covenant! I'm still processing this!
There are 4 main camps of thought involving the BEING of God.
1: Trinity - HARD Division of the Being of God, of ONE Substance (Essence), Three "Distinct" subsistence's that share the SAME Essence (Substance)
This is a very impersonal way to show the matter. It's like showing up on your wedding night and pulling out a math equation that is your intended plans for the celebration. It is the collective result of combatting Unitarianism that originated around 260 AD from a theologian named (Arius). The collective Body that understood the critical importance of understanding the mechanism of Salvation as revealed by Jesus Christ to us knew that it was CRITICAL to understand that God is SIMULTANEOUSLY ONE, YET THREE. All of the Body infighting over this matter led to some unfortunate events. Arianism isn't actually indicative of slaughtering someone as a heretic, but, alas, it happened. So, what happened next? Everybody and their Brother gave up on showing that God is Utterly ONE, as surely that HE is utterly THREE. The Hardline stance that was adopted, was to indoctrinate those that didn't personally study with the "TRINITY" Doctrine.
Trouble is, people that only memorized the idea had utterly no idea how God is also genuinely ONE. It was decided that not only would the Body double down on the Trinity doctrine, but that it would continually legally evaluate words on a level that became disastrous. Theological nerds that memorize all of these various "Heresies" get so flush full of all of the doctrines of man, that they forget everything spoken of has to do with Biblical Canon and is contained within Biblical Canon. If you find yourself excited to reveal what the Holy Spirit of Christ has revealed to you about the amazing Being of God and some Doctrine of Men warrior desires to label you with some Heretical "ISM"... ask them to build Doctrine from Canon Alone to proof that God is Three, then turn around and build the Doctrine to prove that God is One from Biblical Canon, Alone. They'll fold their cards every time, because you just can't do it without violating one of the umpteen thousand (Exaggerating to make a point) Trinity Heresy accusations! Why is this? Because everyone was, at a point, trying to defend an extrapolated man made doctrine that was essentially full of so many eraser marks that the paper got worn thin and weathered. It happens! This doctrine can get you through scripture, but it won't reveal the very Romance and Love that God intended us to see within scripture! MAKE NO MISTAKE, the Bible is God's LOVE LETTER to His Cherished Creation.
Allow me to share the woes that Brick and Mortar based believers that don't dive into scripture run into with the inability to proof this in scripture, during witness. Father, Son and Holy Spirit, One God, Three Persons. Same Essence, but distinct subsistence's. Three Personalities, but not three Persons, well, kind of Three Persons, but Not actual divided Persons, just One God with Three Personalities, Well, not Personalities, but subsistence's... wait, did I just commit heresy? Hold up, let me read through the 7 trillion pages of opinions on the one single page... wait... which Creed do I use?!? Um... yeah... Father, Son and Holy Spirit. 3 but 1. Give this to someone in good faith and they will be able to hobble around with it, but put them in front of a Unitarian Jew, Muslim, Christian Adoptionist or Atheist with actual Biblical questions that understand Greek, Manuscripts, Hebrew, Aramaic and the squishy words that are a result of the Post Diaspora Jews blurring the Name of God, within scripture to prevent their enemies from learning it... and they will be eaten alive.
2: Unitarianism- Bottom line, this doctrine always has some way to insinuate that Jesus was "Created" and usually that the HOLY SPIRIT is just a "Force, Will or Power" of the Father towards creation. It's named "Unitarian" because it is a simple way of saying that the adherents to this belief Believe that ONLY THE FATHER is God. Every other mental gymnastic that occurs beyond this is simply a flowing way of defending that ONLY God the Father is Actually TRUE God. Side note...
the most advanced form of Unitarianism is Adoption... and let me tell you, though I can't agree with this view, due to all scripture, they are typically 100 notches above your typical believer, when it comes to biblical knowledge!
These folks are deadly accurate at defending their position in scripture, by going to the codex's, manuscripts, fragments and every known source of scripture on God's green earth. If Adoptionist's would accept church positions to teach the Tri-Unity of God, they would be better at it than MOST! They would then go home and go back to Adoption. I'm not kidding, I respect the living daylights out of these theologians! Do I disagree with them... You bet ya. Do I take them for granted? Nope! They studied to earn their theological chops!
Um... I'm having to edit this. I met a new covenant Adoptionist, today! So, there's that. I don't even know where to put this!
3: Modalism- Bottom line, this flat out says that God is Jesus, period. The Father, Son and Holy Spirit are all identically ONE and not distinct. Ironically, this actually has more supporting scripture than the final understood Trinity doctrine, but it runs into theological walls at more difficult passages.
4:
Tri-Unity of God (This is my
opinion and I'll just slap a Link in that shows how I have actively gone about proofing it within scripture). Adding this. If it was a label, it would be (TriUneitarian) The E has to remain in place to distinguish the One of the matter.
This is actually a massive post on another site. I'm going to migrate all of the work to this site, which is amazing (I mean the site, not my work)!, re-link it and all that Jazz, when I'm done with Hebrews chapter 1. I'm already on the 3rd Op part and still haven't got past verse 3.... LOL