I would like to visit Okinawa some day, to see where my grandfather grew up. I'm getting kind of goosepimply just thinking of it. The birthplace of te, "hand", later prefixed with the word for China, kara, forming the phrase karate, or "China hand" (early karate was heavily based on the martial arts from the mainland, China).
When grandmaster Funakoshi introduced karate to Japan proper for the first time in 1917, he changed the meaning of the term slightly. It was still kara-te, but the word kara now meant "empty" rather than "China". Same pronunciation, different meaning. This brought the martial art to be more in-line with modern Japanese martial arts, all now heavily influenced by Zen Buddhism. The meaning of the word "empty" now had a double-meaning: yes it meant fighting without a weapon, but on a deeper level it stressed the emptiness of the Zen mind. A warrior with a truly empty mind could face even certain death in combat with calmness and equanimity.