Nathan,
If we want to know the meaning of a word in the Greek NT, we do not go to an Interlinear for an explanation. An Interlinear gives a basic word for a translation. It doesn't give an explanation of the meaning of the Greek word. So where do we go for explanations? To Greek Lexicons and Greek Word Studies. The two best known Word Studies are
Theological Dictionary of the New Testament (Kittel & Friedrich eds) and
The New International Dictionary of New Testament Theology (Colin Brown ed.). The first is 10 vols, the second is briefer (3 vols). The leading Greek lexicon is that by Arndt & Gingrich. An older one is by Thayer.
Note what Mark 10:4 states in these various translations (see below). They ALL use the word 'divorce'. Why? Because that is what
apostasion means. Let's check Arndt & Gingrich's Greek Lexion. It gives this meaning: 'In the sense of relinquishment of property after sale, abandonment, etc. The consequent giving up of one's own claim explains the meaning which the word acquires in Jewish circles' (Jer 3:8). '
Give (one's wife) a certificate of divorce' (Mt 19:7; Mk 10:4) (Arndt & Gingrich 1957:97).
Colin Brown's study of
apostasion is: 'In the NT
apolyw [verbal form] has its classical Gk. meanings: to release a prisoner (Mk. 15:6-15; cf. Matt. 18:27 of a debtor); set free from disease (Lk. 13:12); acquit (Lk. 6:37); send people away (Mk. 6:36, 45; 8:3, 9); dismiss from duties of life, allow to die (Lk. 2:29); cf. dismissal from military service ... 66f.); Gen 15: 2; Num. 20:29.... It is especially used of divorcing a wife (Matt. 1:19; 5:31f; 19:2, 7-9; Mk 10:2, 4, 11f.; Lk. 16:18.
apostasion means divorce (Matt 5:31; 19:7; Mk. 10:4) (Colin Brown 1975:1.505-506).
New International Version
They said, "Moses permitted a man to write a certificate of divorce and send her away."
New Living Translation
"Well, he permitted it," they replied. "He said a man can give his wife a written notice of divorce and send her away."
English Standard Version
They said, “Moses allowed a man to write a certificate of divorce and to send her away.”
New American Standard Bible
They said, "Moses permitted a man TO WRITE A CERTIFICATE OF DIVORCE AND SEND her AWAY."
King James Bible
And they said, Moses suffered to write a bill of divorcement, and to put
her away.
Holman Christian Standard Bible
They said, "Moses permitted us to write divorce papers and send her away."
International Standard Version
They said, "Moses allowed a man to write a certificate of divorce and to divorce her."
I urge you never to depend on an Interlinear to gain the meaning of a Greek word or phrase - particularly when you don't know NT Greek. A Greek-based commentary also will give some further insight, as does C. E. B. Cranfield (1959:319).
Sincerely,
Oz
Works consulted
Arndt, W F & Gingrich, F W 1957.
A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and other early Christian literature. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press (limited edition licensed to Zondervan Publishing House).
Brown, C 1975.
apostasion, in C Brown (ed)
The New International Dictionary of New Testament Theology, vol 1, 505-506. Exeter: The Paternoster Press.
Cranfield, C. E. B. 1959,
The Gospel According to Saint Mark, London: Cambridge University Press.