Abraham
In Abrahams day; when The Lord came to pay; a visit inspecting the grain;
He soon found that weeds; had sprung from the seeds; preserved from the deluge of rain.
And since there was need; of an untainted seed; to establish a crop again;
He chose one whose wife; had been barren for life; for assurance he'd breed a pure strain.
See Genesis 12 1-3 Revised Standard Version.
Genesis 12 1-3 : Now The Lord said to Abram, "Go from your country and your kindred and your father's house to the land that I will show you. And I will make of you a great nation, and I will bless you, and make your name great, so that you will be a blessing. I will bless those who bless you, and him that curses you I will curse; and by you all the families of the earth shall bless themselves."
See Genesis 16 1, 2, note (b), 4, & 15 Jerusalem Bible.
Genesis 16 1-2 : Abram's wife Sarai had borne him no child, but she had an Egyptian maidservant named Hagar. So Sarai said to Abram, 'Listen, now! Since Yahweh has kept me from having children, go to my slave-girl. Perhaps I shall get children through her.' (b) Abram agreed to what Sarai had said.
note (b) : According to Mesopotamian law a barren wife could present one of her female slaves to the husband and acknowledge the issue as her own. The same is to happen in Rachel's case.
Genesis 16 4 : He went to Hagar and she conceived. And once she knew she had conceived, her mistress counted for nothing in her eyes.
Genesis 16 15 : Hagar bore Abram a son, and Abram gave to the son that Hagar bore the name Ishmael.
See Genesis 17 1-2 & 5 Jerusalem Bible.
Genesis 17 1-2 : When Abram was ninety-nine years old Yahweh appeared to him and said,'I am El Shaddai. Bear yourself blameless in my presence, and I will make a Covenant between myself and you, and increase your numbers greatly.'
Genesis 17 5 : You shall no longer be called Abram; your name shall be Abraham, for I will make you father of a multitude of nations .
See Genesis 17 15-21 Jerusalem Bible.
Genesis 17 15-21 : God said to Abraham, 'As for Sarai your wife, you shall not call her Sarai, but Sarah. I will bless her and moreover give you a son by her. I will bless her and nations shall come out of her; kings of peoples shall descend from her.' Abraham bowed to the ground, and he laughed, thinking to himself, 'Is a child to be born to a man one hundred years old, and will Sarah have a child at the age of ninety?' Abraham said to God, 'Oh let Ishmael live in your presence!' But God replied, 'No, but your wife Sarah shall bear you a son whom you are to name Isaac. With him I will establish my Covenant, a Covenant in perpetuity, to be his God and the God of his descendants after him. For Ishmael too I grant you your request: I bless him and I will make him fruitful and greatly increased in numbers. He will be the father of twelve princes, and I will make of him a great nation. But my Covenant I will establish with Isaac, whom Sarah will bear you at this time next year.'
Note that the Covenant is not established with Abraham, but rather with Isaac.
See Genesis 21 1-3 Revised Standard Version.
Genesis 21 1-3 :The Lord visited Sarah as he had said, and The Lord did to Sarah as he had promised. And Sarah conceived, and bore Abraham a son in his old age at the time of which God had spoken to him. Abraham called the name of his son who was born to him, whom Sarah bore him, Isaac.
See Genesis 6 4 Revised Standard Version.
Genesis 6 4 : The Nephilim were on the earth in those days, and also afterward, when the sons of God came into the daughters of men, and they bore children to them. These were the mighty men that were of old, the men of renown.
See Genesis 6 4 New International Version.
Genesis 6 4 : The Nephilim were on the earth in those days, and also afterward, when the sons of God went to the daughters of men and had children by them. They were the heroes of old, men of renown.
Note that the language is very similar: "visited", "came into", and "went to". In the latter two cases, there is no doubt whatever that the meaning is that of sexual cohabitation. In the case of "visited", however, there is the added complication that Sarah was barren. Since the visit resulted in her pregnancy, the visitation may well have entailed a medical procedure.
See Deuteronomy 32 5, note (c), & 6 Jerusalem Bible.
Deuteronomy 32 5:They have acted perversely, those he begot without blemish, (c) a deceitful and underhand brood.
note (c) : Literally 'not sons of blemish'. Israel is of noble birth , being born of Yahweh; his degeneration is his own doing. The text of the verse is corrupt.
Deuteronomy 32 6: Is this the return you make to Yahweh? O foolish unwise people! Is not this your father, who gave you being, who made you, by whom you subsist?
See Deuteronomy 32 18-20 (The Song Of Moses) Jerusalem Bible.
Deuteronomy 32 18-20 : (You forget the Rock who begot you, unmindful now of the God who fathered you.) Yahweh has seen this, and in his anger cast off his sons and daughters. "I shall hide my face from them," he says "and see what becomes of them. For they are a deceitful brood, children with no loyalty in them.
See Ezekiel 16 20-22 Jerusalem Bible.
Ezekiel 16 20-22 : You have even - it is the Lord Yahweh who speaks - taken the sons and daughters you bore me and sacrificed them as food to the images. Was it not enough for you just to be a whore? You have slaughtered my children and handed them over as a burnt offering to them, and in all your filthy practices and your whorings you have never remembered your youth or the time when you were quite naked and struggling in your own blood.
Note: The foregoing quotations refer to the Israelites as the "Children of Yahweh". Given the circumstances of the birth of Isaac, this may very well be literally true, and I for one believe it is; irrespective of how Isaac was actually conceived. Consider: Given that the story of creation is true, God planted a pure strain of men upon the earth. Along came his enemy, and corrupted that strain by interbreeding with it, (The fallen Angels). God, returning from having been away, finds his planted race polluted. He then proceeded to find one uncorrupted member of the race, (Noah), arranged for his safety, then proceeded to destroy the rest to wipe the slate clean for a new start. Having done this, God promised Noah that there would be no further destructions for a time. Noah, however, was married, with three sons, and three daughters in law, all of whom were saved with him, (Total eight people). Somewhere among the other seven the corrupted strain survived. When God next returned, he found the race still polluted. Again he finds one uncorrupted member of the race; but this time to avoid further pollution, he takes care to select a man with a barren wife, (Abraham). He then arranges that a "pure strain child" be born to that woman, and gives instructions, that this child, and his descendants should only marry within his father's, (also pure strain), immediate family; thereby in this manner reestablishing the original pure strain of man. Be it noted that Jews trace their ancestry through the mother's side of their family. This practice is completely consistent with the thesis, that Sarah, (who had been barren lifelong), did not contribute anything to Isaac's genetic makeup; but rather that God Himself, provided the female genetic material, for Abraham to fertilize; and the practice of tracing ancestry through the mother's side, is actually tracing ancestry to God.
See Genesis 31 42 & 53 King James Version.
Genesis 31 42 : Except the God of my father, the God of Abraham, and the fear of Isaac, had been with me, surely thou hadst sent me away empty. God hath seen mine affliction and the labour of my hands, and rebuked thee yesternight.
Genesis 31 53 : The God of Abraham, and the God of Nahor, the God of their father, judge betwixt us. And Jacob sware by the fear of his father Isaac.
See Genesis 31 42, note (b), 53, & note (g) New Revised Standard Version.
Genesis 31 42 : If the God of my father, the God of Abraham and the Fearb of Isaac, had not been on my side, surely now you would have sent me away empty-handed. God saw my affliction and the labor of my hands, and rebuked you last night.
note (b) : Meaning of Hebrew uncertain.
Genesis 31 53 : May the God of Abraham and the God of Nahor" - The God of their father - "judge between us." So Jacob swore by the Fear (g) of his father Isaac.
note (g) : Meaning of Hebrew uncertain.
See Genesis 31 42, note (k), & 53 Jerusalem Bible.
Genesis 31 42 : If the God of my father, the God of Abraham, the Kinsman of Isaac, (k) had not been with me, you would have sent me away empty-handed. But God has seen my weariness and the work done by my hands, and last night he delivered judgement.
note (k) : A name for God that appears only here and in v. 53; Arabic and Palmyrene Aramaic justify this translation; hitherto the phrase has been rendered 'the fear of Isaac'.
Genesis 31 53 : May the God of Abraham and the God of Nahor judge between us.' So Jacob swore by the Kinsman of his father Isaac.
Note: The New Revised Standard Version capitalizes the word "Fear"; which unless starting a sentence, is customary only for proper names. Also note according to the New Revised Standard, the meaning of the word translated as "Fear" is uncertain. Further note that the Jerusalem Bible translates the word as a name of God; meaning "Kinsman" of Isaac.
See Strong's Main Concordance: fear.
Strong's fear: Ge 31 42 : and the fear of Isaac had been with ... . 6343
Ge 31 53 : Jacob sware by the fear of his father ... . 6343
See Strong's Hebrew dictionary entry 6343.
Strong's 6343:
pachad, pakh`- ad; from 6342; a (sudden ) alarm (properly the object feared, by implication the feeling) : - dread (- ful), fear, (thing) great [fear, - ly feared] , terror.
See Strong's Hebrew dictionary entry 6344.
Strong's 6344 :
pachad, pakh`- ad; the same as 6343; a testicle (as a cause of shame akin to fear) : - stone.
Note: Since the Hebrew word for "fear", which is translated in the Jerusalem Bible as “The Kinsman†in these two passages; and these two passages only; is identical in all respects to the Hebrew word for "testicle"; and given the circumstances of the birth of Isaac, and also given that the Bible refers to the Israelites as God's children, and further given that it was common practice for the Israelites to clutch their testicles when swearing an oath, (swearing in effect by their descendants, or by God), I believe that testicle" would be the correct translation to be used in both Genesis 31 42, and Genesis 31 53. The only reason it has not been so translated I suspect, is the reluctance of religious authorities to accept the concept of the resultant reading:
Genesis 31 42 : Revised Standard Version. (Modified to substitute “Testicle†for “Fearâ€Â)
"If the God of my father, the God of Abraham and the Testicle of Isaac, had not been on my side, surely now you would have sent me away empty handed. God saw my affliction and the labour of my hands, and rebuked you last night."
Note: This concept of the Israelites being literally "The Children of God" gives new meaning to their being called "The Chosen". Whose children would he choose to favour, if not his own? It also gives new meaning to the quotation: "I will bless those that bless you, and him that curses you I will curse." - The antisemitic religious right would be wise to take note.