...about 17% will experience more severe symptoms possibly requiring hospitalization.
17% of 330 million is 56 million people. There are not 56 million ventilators and hospital beds. There just isn't. Has to be spread out a bit so that all of that 17% don't try to visit the hospital all at once.
Essential services have to be maintained, so those workers should get first call on hospital resources. Non essential services can be brought back on-line gradually, as beds free up.
That said, the shopping thing could be done in a more orderly fashion. Long lines and empty shelves are counter productive. Some places tell people what days to shop, and their quota on scarce items. Everyone needs their share of food and meds.