Of these two, which definition of 'justified' is James using in James 2:24?
1. To demonstrate or prove to be just, right, or valid: justified each budgetary expense as necessary; anger that is justified by the circumstances.
2. To free (a human) of the guilt and penalty attached to grievous sin. Used of God.*
*
justified definition
James is talking about #1, of course. How do we know that? By this...
18Show me your faith without deeds, and I will show you my faith by my deeds. James 2:18
So we see from the context that James is in no way saying a man is absolved of guilt by performing righteous deeds, as the Catholic church asserts. He is saying a man is
shown to be just by his deeds. Paul, on the other hand is talking about definition #2, being justified in regard to be absolved of guilt, by one's faith, not their deeds. In other words,
made righteous (Romans 3:21-22), as opposed to James'
shown to be righteous (James 2:18). A man is justified both ways. His faith
makes him righteous. His deeds
show him to be righteous. And so a man is justified by, both, faith and works.