Tim,So, Jesus said in Matthew 10:28 that the body and soul can be destroyed in hell.
In Ezekiel 18:4 the Bible says that the soul who sins shall die.
The Bible says in Psalm 37:20 that the wicked shall perish, and Psalm 37:10 says that the wicked shall be no more.
Psalm 37:38 says that all sinners will be destroyed.
Death does not mean extinction. There is more to death than ‘When I die I rot’ (Bertrand Russell's statement). Evangelical theologian, Wayne Grudem’s statement is a sound basic understanding of what happens when the last breath ceases, ‘Death is the temporary cessation of bodily life and a separation of the soul from the body’ (1994:816).
Another evangelical theologian, Millard Erickson, put is this way, ‘Life and death, according to Scripture, are not to be thought of as existence and nonexistence, but as two different states of existence. Death is simply a transition to a different mode of existence; it is not as some tend to think, extinction’ (1985:1169).
We learn from the Scriptures that there are three dimension to death. These are:
- Physical death. This is the separation of the soul from the body and this is the penalty of sin (see Gen. 2:17; 3:19; Num 16:29; 27:3; John 8:44; Rom 5:12, 14, 16, 17; 1 Peter 4:6).
- Spiritual death. This is the separation of the soul from God which is a penalty from the fall into sin in the Garden of Eden (see Gen 2:17; Rom 5:21; Eph 2:1, 5; Luke 15:32; John 5:24; 8:51).
- Eternal death (the second death). This is the completion of spiritual death, the eternal separation of the soul from God which is accompanied by eternal punishment (see Matt 10:28; 25:41; 2 Thess 1:9; Heb 10:31; Rev 14:11). [this outline from Henry Thiessen 1949:271-272]
- Clearly death is not the end of existence as….
- Lazarus, the poor man, was by Abraham’s side in life after death;
- The rich man died and went to Hades, being in torment in life after death;
- Both men were experiencing conscious existence after death; they had not been annihilated.
References
Erickson, M 1985. Christian theology. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Book House.
Grudem, W 1994. Systematic theology: An introduction to biblical doctrine. Leicester, England: Inter-Varsity Press / Grand Rapids, Michigan: Zondervan Publishing House.
Thiessen, H C 1949. Introductory lectures in systematic theology. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company.