The 10 commandments are a part of old covenant. If you want to deny this, then go ahead and deny Exod 34:28.
(Exod 34:28) So he was there with the LORD forty days and forty nights; he neither ate bread nor drank water. And He wrote on the tablets the words of the covenant, the Ten Commandments.
The old covenant is obsolete and vanishing away. Since the 10 commandments are infact the words of the covenant, they are obsolete. If you want the 4th commandment to be followed, then go ahead and first deny Heb 8:13.
(Heb 8:13) In that He says, "A new [covenant,"] He has made the first obsolete. Now what is becoming obsolete and growing old is ready to vanish away.
Do you know Father God married Israel and they broke this marriage covenant?
(Isa 54:5) For your Maker [is] your husband .. (Jer 31:32) "not according to the covenant that I made with their fathers in the day [that] I took them by the hand to lead them out of the land of Egypt, My covenant which they broke, though I was a husband to them, says the LORD.
God also divorced Israel.
(Isa 50:1) Thus says the LORD: "Where [is] the certificate of your mother's divorce, Whom I have put away? Or which of My creditors [is it] to whom I have sold you? For your iniquities you have sold yourselves, And for your transgressions your mother has been put away.
Israel cannot go to Father God because God divorced Israel.
(Jer 3:1) "They say, 'If a man divorces his wife, And she goes from him And becomes another man's, May he return to her again?' Would not that land be greatly polluted? But you have played the harlot with many lovers; Yet return to Me," says the LORD.
The law of God says, a divorced wife cannot go back to the former husband.
(Deut 24:1-4) "When a man takes a wife and marries her, and it happens that she finds no favor in his eyes because he has found some uncleanness in her, and he writes her a certificate of divorce, puts [it] in her hand, and sends her out of his house, when she has departed from his house, and goes and becomes another man's [wife,] [if] the latter husband detests her and writes her a certificate of divorce, puts [it] in her hand, and sends her out of his house, or if the latter husband dies who took her as his wife, [then] her former husband who divorced her must not take her back to be his wife after she has been defiled; for that [is] an abomination before the LORD, and you shall not bring sin on the land which the LORD your God is giving you [as] an inheritance.
The old covenant is the marriage covenant between Israel and God the Father. When God divorced Israel, God cannot take back them. Thus, His Son came to cleanse us through His blood and created a new marriage covenant with us and now we become a bride of Christ and go to God the Father as a bride of Christ and not as a divorced wife.
Hence, following Sabbath and anything from the old covenant once the new covenant has arrived, is not only a sin according to the law but actually an abomination to God.
Hence,
Sabbath followers are an abomination to God.
Then according to your reasoning, those who have no other gods before God are an abomination to God. Those who do not bow down to idols are an abomination to God. Those who do not use God's name in vain are an abomination. Etc.
I think your reasonings may be a little faulty.
Here is the actual Old Covenant...
Exo 19:5 Now therefore, if ye will obey my voice indeed, and keep my covenant, then ye shall be a peculiar treasure unto me above all people: for all the earth is mine:
Exo 19:6 And ye shall be unto me a kingdom of priests, and an holy nation. These are the words which thou shalt speak unto the children of Israel.
Exo 19:7 And Moses came and called for the elders of the people, and laid before their faces all these words which the LORD commanded him.
Exo 19:8 And all the people answered together, and said, All that the LORD hath spoken we will do. And Moses returned the words of the people unto the LORD.
The Covenant was the agreement that the people would obey God and He would do certain things for them...
Deu 11:26 Behold, I set before you this day a blessing and a curse;
Deu 11:27 A blessing, if ye obey the commandments of the LORD your God, which I command you this day:
Deu 11:28 And a curse, if ye will not obey the commandments of the LORD your God, but turn aside out of the way which I command you this day, to go after other gods, which ye have not known.
These blessings were contingent upon their obedience to the words of the Covenant...
Exo 34:28 And he was there with the LORD forty days and forty nights; he did neither eat bread, nor drink water. And he wrote upon the tables the
words of the covenant, the ten commandments.
H1697
דּבר
dâbâr
daw-bawr'
From H1696; a word; by implication a matter (as spoken of) of thing; adverbially a cause: - act, advice, affair, answer, X any such (thing), + because of, book, business, care, case, cause, certain rate, + chronicles, commandment, X commune (-ication), + concern [-ing], + confer, counsel, + dearth, decree, deed, X disease, due, duty, effect, + eloquent, errand, [evil favoured-] ness, + glory, + harm, hurt, + iniquity, + judgment, language, + lying, manner, matter, message, [no] thing, oracle, X ought, X parts, + pertaining, + please, portion, + power, promise, provision, purpose, question, rate, reason, report, request, X (as hast) said, sake, saying, sentence, + sign, + so, some [uncleanness], somewhat to say, + song, speech, X spoken, talk, task, + that, X there done, thing (concerning), thought, + thus, tidings, what [-soever], + wherewith, which, word, work.
The Covenant itself was an agreement between God and the people. The Law was the conditions of the Covenant.
Then the New Covenant is the writing of the Law on our hearts and minds. God could not do that with those people, Pentecost had not occurred and the Holy Spirit was not available to them as a whole...
Rom 5:5 And hope maketh not ashamed; because the love of God is shed abroad in our hearts by the Holy Ghost which is given unto us.
Deu 5:29 O that there were such an heart in them, that they would fear me, and keep all my commandments always, that it might be well with them, and with their children for ever!
Another point is that eternal life was not one of the blessings of the Old Covenant. It was a physical Covenant with physical people. The New Covenant is the writing of the Law on our hearts and minds with a spiritual aspect to it...
Mat 5:17 Think not that I am come to destroy the law, or the prophets: I am not come to destroy, but to fulfil.
Now instead of reading this as "Think not that I am come to destroy the law, or the prophets: I am not come to destroy, but to DESTROY." Read it in conjunction with the rest of the chapter and Mat 6 and 7...
Mat 5:19 Whosoever therefore shall break one of these least commandments, and shall teach men so, he shall be called the least in the kingdom of heaven: but whosoever shall do and teach them, the same shall be called great in the kingdom of heaven.
Mat 5:21 Ye have heard that it was said by them of old time, Thou shalt not kill; and whosoever shall kill shall be in danger of the judgment:
Mat 5:22 But I say unto you, That whosoever is angry with his brother without a cause shall be in danger of the judgment: and whosoever shall say to his brother, Raca, shall be in danger of the council: but whosoever shall say, Thou fool, shall be in danger of hell fire.
Under the New Covenant, being angry with a brother is sin and puts you in danger of Hell Fire. Under the Old Covenant, Hell Fire was not a consequence.
Just out of curiosity, why did Christ give the people a law they could not keep? Then demand a death penalty for it? Then send them into national slavery for breaking the Sabbath and idolatry? Then He comes to earth and says "Oh, that? That was just a big mistake, I am now doing away with that old law." Is this really the way it is?
Let's imagine a scenario, breaking the Sabbath demands the death penalty under the Old Covenant. The day before He establishes the New Covenant, someone is put to death. Then the next day, the law is abolished. What does Christ say to that person? Ooops? C'mon, Christ didn't do away with the law...
Heb 13:8 Jesus Christ the same yesterday, and to day, and for ever.
This is the Christ who said...
Exo 16:28 And the LORD said unto Moses, How long refuse ye to keep my commandments and my laws?
Exo 16:29 See, for that the LORD hath given you the sabbath, therefore he giveth you on the sixth day the bread of two days; abide ye every man in his place, let no man go out of his place on the seventh day.
Exo 20:8 Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy.
Exo 20:9 Six days shalt thou labour, and do all thy work:
Exo 20:10 But the seventh day is the sabbath of the LORD thy God: in it thou shalt not do any work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, thy manservant, nor thy maidservant, nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates:
Exo 20:11 For in six days the LORD made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that in them is, and rested the seventh day: wherefore the LORD blessed the sabbath day, and hallowed it.
Exo 31:13 Speak thou also unto the children of Israel, saying, Verily my sabbaths ye shall keep: for it is a sign between me and you throughout your generations; that ye may know that I am the LORD that doth sanctify you.
Exo 31:14 Ye shall keep the sabbath therefore; for it is holy unto you: every one that defileth it shall surely be put to death: for whosoever doeth any work therein, that soul shall be cut off from among his people.
Exo 31:15 Six days may work be done; but in the seventh is the sabbath of rest, holy to the LORD: whosoever doeth any work in the sabbath day, he shall surely be put to death.
Exo 31:16 Wherefore the children of Israel shall keep the sabbath, to observe the sabbath throughout their generations, for a perpetual covenant.
Exo 31:17 It is a sign between me and the children of Israel for ever: for in six days the LORD made heaven and earth, and on the seventh day he rested, and was refreshed.
Exo 31:18 And he gave unto Moses, when he had made an end of communing with him upon mount Sinai, two tables of testimony, tables of stone, written with the finger of God.
Let's notice two things in the above passage...
Verse 17, it is a sign between the children of Israel and God forever...
Who is the New Covenant made with?
Heb 8:8 For finding fault with them, he saith, Behold, the days come, saith the Lord, when I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah:
And who are Jews in the New Testament?
Gal 3:6 Even as Abraham believed God, and it was accounted to him for righteousness.
Gal 3:7
Know ye therefore that they which are of faith, the same are the children of Abraham.
Rom 2:28 For he is not a Jew, which is one outwardly; neither is that circumcision, which is outward in the flesh:
Rom 2:29
But he is a Jew, which is one inwardly; and circumcision is that of the heart, in the spirit, and not in the letter; whose praise is not of men, but of God.
Second point, the Ten Commandments were written with the finger of God on stone. How was the law of Moses written?
2Ch 35:12 And they removed the burnt offerings, that they might give according to the divisions of the families of the people, to offer unto the LORD, as it is written in the book of Moses. And so did they with the oxen.
Where were the Ten Commandments?
Exo 25:16 And thou shalt put into the ark the testimony which I shall give thee.
Exo 40:20 And he took and put the testimony into the ark, and set the staves on the ark, and put the mercy seat above upon the ark:
Moses was instructed to put the Testimony God spoke to him inside the Ark. Inside the Ark were the Ten Commandments...
1Ki 8:9 There was nothing in the ark save the two
tables of stone, which Moses put there at Horeb, when the LORD made a covenant with the children of Israel, when they came out of the land of Egypt.
Deu 31:24 And it came to pass, when Moses had made an end of writing the words of this law in a book, until they were finished,
Deu 31:25 That Moses commanded the Levites, which bare the ark of the covenant of the LORD, saying,
Deu 31:26 Take this book of the law, and put it in the side of the ark of the covenant of the LORD your God, that it may be there for a witness against thee.
There are alternate thoughts concerning this, the law of Moses which was written in a book was either in a pocket or slot on the outside of the Ark or laid on the table beside the Ark. For the point of our discussion, it matters not, the book of the law of Moses was NOT inside the Ark. The Ten Commandments written on stone by the finger of God were.
So what?
Rev 11:19 And the temple of God was opened in heaven, and there was seen in his temple the ark of his testament: and there were lightnings, and voices, and thunderings, and an earthquake, and great hail.
In the Temple of God in Heaven there is an Ark...
Heb 8:5 Who serve unto the example and shadow of heavenly things, as Moses was admonished of God when he was about to make the tabernacle: for, See, saith he, that thou make all things according to the pattern shewed to thee in the mount.
What we call the Ark of the Covenant Moses made is an exact copy of the Ark in Heaven. What do you suppose is in the Ark?
(I see valid arguments from both sides) .And thank you for all you contributed to the discussion.