Born or water is just what it implies - your born of your mother; natural birth.
Jesus uses natural birth (earthly things) to teach Nicodemus about spiritual birth (heavenly things).
In John 3:5, Jesus’ statement "born of water and the Spirit" is often interpreted by some to refer to natural birth when referencing the "water" (amniotic fluid during childbirth). However, this "water" is not a reference to physical birth but rather to spiritual cleansing through baptism, specifically baptism in Jesus’ name. Let’s unpack why this refers to baptism and not natural birth, while maintaining a distinction between what we do (being baptized-Earthly Things) and what Christ does (filling us with the Holy Spirit-Heavenly Things).
Water as Spiritual Cleansing – Throughout the New Testament, "water" often represents spiritual cleansing, especially in the context of baptism. In Acts 2:38, Peter explicitly commands repentance and baptism in Jesus’ name for the forgiveness of sins. Baptism is not a symbolic ritual of natural birth but a deliberate act of identifying with Christ’s death, burial, and resurrection, where sins are washed away. This "born of water" refers to the baptism in Jesus' name, which brings about spiritual purification through faith in the power of Christ’s blood.Natural Birth Context – When Nicodemus misunderstood Jesus’ statement about being "born again," he associated it with natural birth, asking, “Can he enter a second time into his mother’s womb and be born?” (John 3:4). This shows Nicodemus was thinking in purely earthly terms. However, Jesus corrects this misunderstanding by explaining that the new birth is a spiritual reality.
Why "Born of Water" Does Not Refer to Natural Birth
Context of Spiritual Birth – Jesus was not speaking of physical, earthly things like natural birth, but rather spiritual rebirth. He emphasized that the new birth is essential to enter the Kingdom of God, which is a spiritual kingdom. Referring to natural birth here would be redundant since all humans have already experienced natural birth. Jesus is elevating the conversation to the spiritual realm.Baptism as Spiritual Cleansing – In a symbolic, spiritual sense, "born of water" refers to the act of baptism in Jesus’ name. The water baptism signifies a cleansing from sin and a commitment to following Christ. This is distinct from natural birth because it is an act of faith and repentance that is essential for spiritual transformation. Paul connects this idea in Romans 6:4, where he describes baptism as being buried with Christ into His death and being raised to walk in newness of life.
Parallel to John’s Baptism – The act of baptism is deeply connected to John the Baptist’s ministry, which was a baptism of repentance in preparation for the coming of Christ. Jesus builds on this foundation but points to a greater spiritual reality in baptism in His name, where the old life is symbolically washed away, and a new spiritual life begins.
Born of Water (Baptism) and Born of the Spirit
The "born of water" component represents what we do (Earthly Things) in response to the Gospel: we repent and are baptized in Jesus' name for the forgiveness of our sins (Acts 2:38). Baptism is the external act of obedience that symbolizes the internal change brought by repentance. This is our participation in the new birth."Born of the Spirit," on the other hand, is what only Christ can do (Heavenly Things). It refers to the infilling of the Holy Spirit, where the Spirit of Christ indwells and transforms the believer into a new creation (Romans 8:9). This spiritual rebirth empowers the believer to live a life aligned with the Kingdom of God. Jesus draws a distinction between what man can do (baptism in water) and what God alone can do (baptism of the Spirit).