Greetings again Free,
I appreciate your response and I was interested in the word you used, and I looked this up in Wiki, and actually feel very comfortable with my understanding of John 8:58, not only in its immediate context, but also the overall context and also the theme of John's Gospel record.
Eisegesis is the process of interpreting text in such a way as to introduce one's own presuppositions, agendas or biases. It is commonly referred to as
reading into the text. It is often done to justify or
confirm a position already held.
Eisegesis is best understood when contrasted with
exegesis. Exegesis is drawing out a text's meaning in accordance with the author's context and discoverable meaning.
Eisegesis is when a reader imposes their interpretation of the text. Thus exegesis tends to be objective; and eisegesis, highly subjective.
Although the terms
eisegesis and
exegesis are commonly heard in association with biblical interpretation, both (especially exegesis) are used across literary disciplines.
In biblical study
While
exegesis is an attempt to determine the historical context within which a particular verse exists—the so-called "
Sitz im Leben" or life setting—eisegetes often neglect this aspect of
biblical study.
I consider the usual Trinitarian view that Jesus is claiming to be the "I AM" of Exodus 3:14 is a gloss (in a bad sense), and to use your special word here, this is "eisegesis", not "exegesis".
The main issue is that from the very beginning to the end of John's gospel, Jesus is shown to be both God and man.
Joh 1:1 In the beginning
was the Word, and the Word was
with God, and the Word
was God.
Joh 1:2 He was in the beginning with God.
Joh 1:3
All things were made through him, and without him was not any thing made that was made.
...
Joh 1:10 He was in the world, and
the world was made through him, yet the world did not know him.
Joh 1:11
He came to his own, and his own people did not receive him.
Joh 1:12 But to all who did receive him,
who believed in his name, he gave the right to become children of God, ...
Joh 1:14 And
the Word became flesh and dwelt among us, and we have seen his glory, glory as of the only Son from the Father, full of grace and truth. (ESV)
John's prologue, verses 1-18, are for the sole purpose of introducing us to who Jesus is. Starting in verse 1:
In the first clause, the word "was" is the Greek,
en, which is a form of
eimi (I Am), and speaks of continuous action in the past; that is, absolute preexistence before any creation. What that means is that when the beginning began, the Word was
already in existence, and hence, there was never a time when he did not exist. The very same applies to the Father, who has absolute preexistence.
In the second clause, "and the Word was with God," it is the Greek
pros that is translated as "with." But it isn't merely speaking of being together or near. It is in the accusative and expresses “direction towards,” as in relationship and communion, implying intimacy. It is important to note here that in the Greek the article is present, so it literally reads, "the Word was with [the] God." So, God is a reference to someone other than the Word, at a minimum it is a reference to the Father.
When it comes to the last clause, "the Word was God," it is significant that "God"
doesn't have the article in the Greek, as it did in the preceding clause. If the article had been present then "Word" and "God" become interchangeable— they would be one and the same—which is the error of Modalism/Oneness theology. But this whole passage is about the
logos, who the
logos is, not who God is, so John purposely doesn't use the article to avoid equating the two words. Therefore, it can only have a qualitative meaning, that is, that the Word was divine in nature, or deity. However, since there is only one God, it is rightly translated as "the Word was God."
In verse 2, we see a repeat of verse 1 with the use of
en,
pros, and God with the article, reaffirming the timeless preexistence of the Word who was in active, close communion with the Father. (This is likely because of what Jesus stated in 17:24: "you loved me before the foundation of the world." The Father loved the Son, not some idea of a future Son, but the actual
person of the Son. They existed for all eternity in a mutually loving relationship, which is why John can state in 1 John 4:8, 16, that "God is love." That is an impossibility if the Son, or some other person, didn't exist for all eternity. Yet, John is consistent from the beginning of his gospel, to his epistles, and through Revelation.)
In verse 3, we have simple, straightforward logic which tells us that since "all things were made through" the Word, and that "without him was not any thing made that was made," it necessarily follows that the Word is not something that was made (see also 1 Cor 8:6 and Col 1:16-17). That is, there never was a time when the Word did not exist, which clearly affirms what was said in the two preceding verses.
In verse 10, we see that John is speaking of Jesus, of the Son, and it is through the Son that "the world was made." John makes the obvious connection for us--the Son is the preincarnate Word. That simply reaffirms what he stated in verse 3.
He then tells us in verse 14 that "the Word became flesh," which reaffirms what he stated in verses 10-12.
Even within all this rich context, he quotes John the Baptist in verse 15, who said of Jesus, "He who comes after me ranks before me, because he was before me." That is a very clear statement that John the Baptist understood that Jesus "was before" him. John uses that within the context of all that I have stated above.
It is absolutely clear that the Son is
both truly God and truly man. That is John's entire point and we see that throughout his gospel to the very end, where we have Thomas's declaration that Jesus was his Lord and his God.
That is why in John 8:58, in which we must include verse 23, in which Jesus unequivocally states that he is "from above" and "not of this world." And he makes that claim several times throughout John's gospel, as I have previously shown. In 8:58, Jesus then directly answers the question asked of him in verse 57. And his answer is perfectly consistent with what John tells us in the prologue--he has timeless, eternal existence.
The reason it is consistent with John's prologue is because Jesus's ministry occurred first and John wrote about it at a fairly later date, having had much time to think about and consider the words and actions of Jesus. It's also why he says in Revelation: "He is clothed in a robe dipped in blood, and the name by which he is called is The Word of God" (Rev. 19:13, ESV). He is consistent with what he calls the Son in his gospel.
John also refers to Jesus as "the King of kings and Lord of lords," (Rev. 17:14 and 19:16), which are titles used of God (1 Tim. 6:15). The same goes for "the first and the last," "the Alpha the Omega," and "the beginning and the end"--used of God in Isa. 44:6, 48:12, Rev. 1:8, 21:6; used of Jesus in Rev. 1:17, 2:8, 22:13.
In referring back to John 1:3, 10, we must consider that in the OT God claims to alone have created everything (Isa. 44:24; 45:18; 48:13, for example). Yet John states that the Son was involved in the creation of everything that came into being. The reason why John can make that claim is because of things Jesus said and did. It's worth mentioning, again, that that is why Paul makes the very same claim in 1 Cor. 8:6 and Col. 1:16-17, and why the writer of Hebrews has the Father implying that the Son is Yahweh, who was involved in creation (1:10-12).
The NT is consistent in saying that the Son is also truly God, being obviously truly man, yet he is
not the Father. The only way around these plain, clear statements is to do what you have done and either simply dismiss or eisegete, making things mean other than what they plainly mean. You will
never get to the truth that way.