The writer to the Hebrews reminded them the FIRST COVENANT was vanishing away. Our goal in this study is to pinpoint what he is referring to.
In chapter 9 we will find the answer.
1: Then verily the first covenant had also ordinances of divine service, and a worldly sanctuary.
2: For there was a tabernacle made; the first, wherein was the candlestick, and the table, and the shewbread; which is called the sanctuary.
3: And after the second veil, the tabernacle which is called the Holiest of all;
4: Which had the golden censer, and the ark of the covenant overlaid round about with gold, wherein was the golden pot that had manna, and Aaron's rod that budded, and the tables of the covenant;
5: And over it the cherubims of glory shadowing the mercyseat; of which we cannot now speak particularly.
6: Now when these things were thus ordained, the priests went always into the first tabernacle, accomplishing the service of God.
7: But into the second went the high priest alone once every year, not without blood, which he offered for himself, and for the errors of the people:
8: The Holy Ghost this signifying, that the way into the holiest of all was not yet made manifest, while as the first tabernacle was yet standing:
9: Which was a figure for the time then present, in which were offered both gifts and sacrifices, that could not make him that did the service perfect, as pertaining to the conscience;
10: Which stood only in meats and drinks, and divers washings, and carnal ordinances, imposed on them until the time of reformation.
11: But Christ being come an high priest of good things to come, by a greater and more perfect tabernacle, not made with hands, that is to say, not of this building;
12: Neither by the blood of goats and calves, but by his own blood he entered in once into the holy place, having obtained eternal redemption for us.
13: For if the blood of bulls and of goats, and the ashes of an heifer sprinkling the unclean, sanctifieth to the purifying of the flesh:
14: How much more shall the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without spot to God, purge your conscience from dead works to serve the living God?
15: And for this cause he is the mediator of the new testament, that by means of death, for the redemption of the transgressions that were under the first testament, they which are called might receive the promise of eternal inheritance.
16: For where a testament is, there must also of necessity be the death of the testator.
17: For a testament is of force after men are dead: otherwise it is of no strength at all while the testator liveth. Heb. 9:1-17
The Writer speaks in these verses about the Tabernacle work of the Levites. In verses 1 and 15 this is called the FIRST COVENANT or testament. If we were to stop right here we would agree that only the Levite priesthood is being discussed. But as we proceed the truth will become CRYSTAL CLEAR.
18: Whereupon neither the FIRST TESTAMENT was dedicated without blood.
19: For when Moses had spoken every precept to all the people according to the law, he took the blood of calves and of goats, with water, and scarlet wool, and hyssop, and sprinkled both the book, and all the people,
20: Saying, This is the blood of the testament which God hath enjoined unto you. Heb. 9:18-20
Friends have you ever looked back to what the Writer of Hebrews is talking about? Here we will be able to IDENTIFY what he means by the FIRST COVENANT! It was enjoined to the Children of Israel by the sprikling of blood.
Come with me to the place all these things occured.
1: And he said unto Moses, Come up unto the LORD, thou, and Aaron, Nadab, and Abihu, and seventy of the elders of Israel; and worship ye afar off.
2: And Moses alone shall come near the LORD: but they shall not come nigh; neither shall the people go up with him.
3: And Moses came and told the people all the words of the LORD, and all the judgments: and all the people answered with one voice, and said, All the words which the LORD hath said will we do.
4: And Moses wrote all the words of the LORD, and rose up early in the morning, and builded an altar under the hill, and twelve pillars, according to the twelve tribes of Israel.
5: And he sent young men of the children of Israel, which offered burnt offerings, and sacrificed peace offerings of oxen unto the LORD.
6: And Moses took half of the blood, and put it in basons; and half of the blood he sprinkled on the altar.
7: And he took the book of the covenant, and read in the audience of the people: and they said, All that the LORD hath said will we do, and be obedient.
8: And Moses took the blood, and sprinkled it on the people, and said, Behold the blood of the covenant, which the LORD hath made with you concerning all these words. Exodus 24:1-8
Moses communed with YAH and brought the word from him to the people. It says in verse 3 he brought his word and his judgements. To get the full impact we must realize what word and judgements the people were BEING ENJOINED TO!
The context is this. 4 chapters earlier in Exodus chapter 19 YAH informs Moses he has willed to take Israel for a people and that they will be a holy people to him. Moses gives this message to the people and they agree to these words.
Then starting in Exodus 20 verse 1 the words of the FIRST COVENANT. Upon reading the entire chapter we see it contains first of all THE TEN COMMANDMENTS. Verse 1-17.
1: And God spake all these words, saying,
2: I am the LORD thy God, which have brought thee out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage.
3: Thou shalt have no other gods before me.
4: Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image, or any likeness of any thing that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth:
5: Thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them: for I the LORD thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me;
6: And shewing mercy unto thousands of them that love me, and keep my commandments.
7: Thou shalt not take the name of the LORD thy God in vain; for the LORD will not hold him guiltless that taketh his name in vain.
8: Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy.
9: Six days shalt thou labour, and do all thy work:
10: But the seventh day is the sabbath of the LORD thy God: in it thou shalt not do any work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, thy manservant, nor thy maidservant, nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates:
11: For in six days the LORD made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that in them is, and rested the seventh day: wherefore the LORD blessed the sabbath day, and hallowed it.
12: Honour thy father and thy mother: that thy days may be long upon the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee.
13: Thou shalt not kill.
14: Thou shalt not commit adultery.
15: Thou shalt not steal.
16: Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbour.
17: Thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's house, thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's wife, nor his manservant, nor his maidservant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any thing that is thy neighbour's.
18: And all the people saw the thunderings, and the lightnings, and the noise of the trumpet, and the mountain smoking: and when the people saw it, they removed, and stood afar off.
19: And they said unto Moses, Speak thou with us, and we will hear: but let not God speak with us, lest we die.
20: And Moses said unto the people, Fear not: for God is come to prove you, and that his fear may be before your faces, that ye sin not.
21: And the people stood afar off, and Moses drew near unto the thick darkness where God was.
22: And the LORD said unto Moses, Thus thou shalt say unto the children of Israel, Ye have seen that I have talked with you from heaven.
23: Ye shall not make with me gods of silver, neither shall ye make unto you gods of gold.
24: An altar of earth thou shalt make unto me, and shalt sacrifice thereon thy burnt offerings, and thy peace offerings, thy sheep, and thine oxen: in all places where I record my name I will come unto thee, and I will bless thee.
25: And if thou wilt make me an altar of stone, thou shalt not build it of hewn stone: for if thou lift up thy tool upon it, thou hast polluted it.
26: Neither shalt thou go up by steps unto mine altar, that thy nakedness be not discovered thereon. Ex. 20:1-26
Notice in verse 24 he refers to the fact there will be animal sacrifices and offerings made in this covenant . He is NOT making 2 different covenants with them but one that contains BOTH THINGS.
And keep in mind that then starting in Exodus chapter 21 it begins by saying:
Now these are the judgements which thou shalt set before them. Verse 1.
Then the entire chapters of 21-23 are nothing but the judgements YAH is commanding Israel.
So that brings us up to Exodus chapter 24. YAH has now given Moses all THE WORDS ACCORDING TO THE LAW. The words contained the ten commandments, animal sacrifices, judgements and festivals which are noted in Ex. 23:14-17
The people all agreed to do all the words of the covenant. Ex. 24:3
Now the point of this lengthy study hits home in Ex. 24:8
And Moses took the blood and sprikled it on the people and said:
BEHOLD THE BLOOD OF THE COVENANT WHICH THE LORD HAS MADE WITH YOU CONCERNING ALL THESE WORDS.
Believers this identifies for us THE FIRST COVENANT the Writer of Hebrews was speaking of!
18: Whereupon neither the first testament was dedicated without blood.
19: For when Moses had spoken every precept to all the people according to the law, he took the blood of calves and of goats, with water, and scarlet wool, and hyssop, and sprinkled both the book, and all the people,
20: Saying, This is the blood of the testament which God hath enjoined unto you. Heb. 9:18-20
The FIRST TESTAMENT or covenant was all the words YAH gave to Moses in the entirety of Exodus 20-23! Not just the sacrificial laws by any means! That there would BE sacrifices is certainly mentioned but the huge bulk of the three chapters is speaking of his COMMANDMENTS AND JUDGEMENTS along with the mention of the 3 annual gatherings!
Now that we have IDENTIFIED what the Writer of Hebrews actually meant by the phrase the FIRST COVENANT lets look at this:
In that he saith a New Covenant he hath made THE FIRST OLD. Now that which decayeth and waxeth old is ready to VANISH AWAY. Heb. 8:31
Also this:
6: But now hath he obtained a more excellent ministry, by how much also he is the mediator of a better covenant, which was established upon better promises.
7: For if that first covenant had been faultless, then should no place have been sought for the second. Heb. 8:6-7
Verse 7 again mentions THE FIRST COVENANT.
It contained all the words of YAH to Israel Exodus 20-23.
There should be no doubt now as to the nature of the FIRST COVENANT. The Writer to the Hebrew believers was admonishing them they could have FULL ASSURANCE to walk in the New Covenant and let the old vanish or fade away.
peace and love, mike