I think that is a great question. Obviously you are speaking of the New and Everlasting Covenant, but I was pondering the God head after reading your question.
John1:1
John 1 KJV
1 In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.
We know all written scripture is the Word, all dialogue in the OT and NT with man is the WORD.
We know any meeting with God, is the Word, like Abraham was in the presents of the Word , when he was told Sara would have a son.
We know the Word spoke to Adam and Eve , Enoch, all the prophets, Melchizedek spoke to Abraham , I believe Melchizedek was the Word manifest, in what would be called supernatural apparition, not flesh like He would be when Incarnated.
The Word appeared when He spoke to Abraham concerning Sodom and Gomorrah . So when was the Word's church established, or rather when did it begin?
I believe it began at the establishment of the Covenant with Abraham but men even prior to this like Enoch heard the Word. With that said I believe His church was established with the Ancient Hebrews. Christ on the Cross said , "It is COMPLETION" and then gave up His Spirit. Christ is the fulfillment of the Law and in Him all is made New, His birth, death and resurrection has brought all things full circle. His Religion is complete.
Now, since Christ is the Word made flesh, He has been around since the first words penned by the Hebrews. And is Himself the beginning, He simply decided to become Man and make it all completion. If I may, this is only my perspective, I could be wrong, but isn't Judaism
simply the conception of Christianity, think about it, with all beginnings like pregnancy for instance, there is a conception. It is all the Word, but it is completion with His human birth. He is the fullness birthed, at His coming, everything prior was the development, and growth . He the child birthed, is the Faith complete. So, I believe His religion began with his first spoken word to man , but His covenant with Abraham is the first- of speaking His church into existence, and is completion with His birth, death and resurrection.
And to me the Jews who do not receive Him in essence abort their own lives, like a child not permitted to come to full gestational period, to deliverance. For even Abraham rejoiced to see His day.
John 8:56-59 King James Version (KJV)
56 Your father Abraham rejoiced to see my day: and he saw it, and was glad.
57 Then said the Jews unto him, Thou art not yet fifty years old, and hast thou seen Abraham?
58 Jesus said unto them, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Before Abraham was, I am.
59 Then took they up stones to cast at him: but Jesus hid himself, and went out of the temple, going through the midst of them, and so passed by.
I am not bashing Jews either my Lord is a Jew so that is not what I am doing. I am simply stating the obvious, many Jews to this day still reject Yeshua the Messiah.
Maybe this can give greater insight to this:
Romans 2:28-29
The Jews and the Law
…28A man is not a Jew because he is one outwardly, nor is circumcision only outward and physical. 29
No, a man is a Jew because he is one inwardly, and circumcision is a matter of the heart, by the Spirit, not by the written code. Such a man’s praise does not come from men, but from God.
Think about this: We all come from the same two people. God detroyed the earth with flood, the earth is repopulated by the eight preserved on the Ark. So, what makes a Hebrew a Hebrew and a gentile a gentile? I know this is going off topic a bit, but my thoughts are flowing one to the next, I hope all will be tied together at the end.
So anyways, Abraham is the FIRST to be called Hebrew:
Abraham was the first person ever to be referred to as a “Hebrew” (
Ivri). The designation “Hebrew” refers to the fact that he descended from Eber (Eber = Ivri in Hebrew) and that he came from the “other side” (
ever) of the Euphrates River. Hebrew means : Traversed.
Therefore, it would seem to me a Hebrew is one who receives the Word. It is a spiritual state of being. This makes sense to me considering what John 8 says. It seems it is God's covenant that makes you Jewish and the fullness of the Covenant is Yeshua Hamashiach . Think about it, we all come from the same two people. Being Hebrew is being in God's covenant. God said to Abraham your seed will number the stars of the heavens. That covenant promise was fulfilled in Mary and Christ birth is the birth of all in the nation of God. All who believe in Him are Hebrew in spirit. So, a gentile is actually a pagan once converted and circumcised in spirit, Hebrew. Hebrew is a state of being. Hence is why John wrote what he wrote.
If one claiming to be a Jew rejects the Messiah , he rejects the Word and Spirit of God and therefore his heritage.
So, Yeshua's church began with His covenant with Abraham for sure. My opinion.
Matthew 18:20
Conclusion:20
For where two or three gather together in My name, there am I with them.” and today anywhere people gather in His name He is there, even in this forum God Bless!