How key is the giving of sheep by The Father to His Son, in your opinion?
The key is understanding that the sheep Jesus is referring to in John 10 are His disciples, that became Apostles.
Jesus would later have other sheep, but the giving of sheep to Jesus by His Father refers to His disciples, and should not be understood as a reference to all who would later become believers.
So as you say, it is key, that the Father gave His Son His sheep, for the purpose of spreading the Gospel and everything that they were taught by Jesus, to make disciples.
11 “I am the good shepherd. The good shepherd gives His life for the sheep. 12 But a hireling,
he who is not the shepherd, one who does not own the sheep, sees the wolf coming and leaves the sheep and flees; and the wolf catches the sheep and scatters them. 13 The hireling flees because he is a hireling and does not care about the sheep. 14 I am the good shepherd; and I know My
sheep, and am known by My own. 15 As the Father knows Me, even so I know the Father; and I lay down My life for the sheep. 16 And other sheep I have which are not of this fold; them also I must bring, and they will hear My voice; and there will be one flock
and one shepherd.17 “Therefore My Father loves Me, because I lay down My life that I may take it again. 18 No one takes it from Me, but I lay it down of Myself. I have power to lay it down, and I have power to take it again. This command I have received from My Father.”19 Therefore there was a division again among the Jews because of these sayings. 20 And many of them said, “He has a demon and is mad. Why do you listen to Him?”21 Others said, “These are not the words of one who has a demon. Can a demon open the eyes of the blind?”22 Now it was the Feast of Dedication in Jerusalem, and it was winter. 23 And Jesus walked in the temple, in Solomon’s porch. 24 Then the Jews surrounded Him and said to Him, “How long do You keep us in doubt? If You are the Christ, tell us plainly.”25 Jesus answered them, “I told you, and you do not believe. The works that I do in My Father’s name, they bear witness of Me. 26 But you do not believe, because you are not of My sheep, as I said to you. 27 My sheep hear My voice, and I know them, and they follow Me. 28 And I give them eternal life, and they shall never perish; neither shall anyone snatch them out of My hand. 29 My Father, who has given
them to Me, is greater than all; and no one is able to snatch
them out of My Father’s hand. 30 I and
My Father are one.” John 10:11-30
The key verse which tells me that the sheep Jesus was referring to in this passage, is referring to His 12, is verse 16 which says - And other sheep I have which are not of this fold; them also I must bring, and they will hear My voice; and there will be one flock
and one shepherd.
The other sheep are those who will believe the Gospel message through the Apostles.
Jesus also made reference to this in John 17. 6 “I have manifested Your name to the men whom You have given Me out of the world. They were Yours, You gave them to Me, and they have kept Your word. 7 Now they have known that all things which You have given Me are from You. 8 For I have given to them the words which You have given Me; and they have received
them, and have known surely that I came forth from You; and they have believed that You sent Me. 9 “I pray for them. I do not pray for the world but for those whom You have given Me, for they are Yours. 10 And all Mine are Yours, and Yours are Mine, and I am glorified in them. 11 Now I am no longer in the world, but these are in the world, and I come to You. Holy Father, keep through Your name those whom You have given Me, that they may be one as We
are. 12 While I was with them in the world, I kept them in Your name. Those whom You gave Me I have kept;[
d] and none of them is lost except the son of perdition, that the Scripture might be fulfilled.
Jesus explained that the ones whom the Father gave Him was referring to His 12 disciples.
“I have manifested Your name to the men whom You have given Me out of the world. This is how I see the sheep that the Father gave Jesus.
How do you see it?
ME